Nutrition
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We investigated a low-glycemic index (GI), minimally refined brown sugar (MRBS) that retains a consistent amount of antioxidant polyphenols. This study aimed to determine whether MRBS has a lower postprandial glycemic response and GI value compared with other types of refined sugar (RS). Low glycemic response foods are also reported to increase satiety. Accordingly, we also evaluated satiety profiles, glycemic profiles (glucose, insulin, and glucagon), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). ⋯ The results of our work show that MRBS had a lower GI (study 1), and better satiety, glycemic profiles, and TAC (study 2) compared with RS.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between β-glucuronidase and androgen levels in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The connection between β-glucuronidase, the abundance of selected gut bacteria, carbohydrate metabolism, and diet quality was also determined. ⋯ There was no relationship between β-glucuronidase activity and androgen levels in overweight and obese women with PCOS, but β-glucuronidase activity may be an important factor in carbohydrate metabolism. Modulation of the abundances of F. prausnitzii, A. muciniphila, and B. longum using special diets should thus be considered a promising intervention.
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Dietary treatment in phenylketonuria (PKU) is known to cause eating problems, but knowledge of both prevalence and magnitude, especially for social restrictions, is scarce. Our aim was to evaluate the social restrictions and eating problems that children with PKU and their caregivers experience with dietary treatment. ⋯ This pilot study provides further evidence that restriction of social activities and eating problems associated with dietary restrictions is more common in children with PKU, and warrants awareness on this topic among professionals working with these children.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the food consumption of pregnant women and the degree of industrial processing using the Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII). ⋯ The increase in the consumption of foods with a higher degree of processing is associated with a more proinflammatory potential of the maternal diet.
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The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a decrease in visceral adipose tissue on the long-term outcomes of patients with gastric cancer after surgery. ⋯ Both loss of preoperative skeletal muscle mass and a decrease in visceral adipose tissue have an effect on the long-term outcomes of advanced gastric cancer.