Nutrition
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Review Meta Analysis
Meta-analysis Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load intake, and risk for lung cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies.
This meta-analysis evaluated the relationship between dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and lung cancer risk, which has been controversial in previous studies. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies from inception to October 2021 in English only. We included case-control and cohort studies that reported relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between dietary GI or GL intake and lung cancer risk. ⋯ A linear association between GI intake and lung cancer risk was observed. The present meta-analysis suggests that high dietary GI intake is associated with a significantly increased risk of lung cancer in a linear fashion. However, no significant association was observed between GL and lung cancer risk.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the association between at least one of the risk factors for metabolic syndrome and the lifestyle of adults and elderly individuals in Teresina, Piauí. ⋯ The presence of at least one risk factor for this disease, according to lifestyle, deserves a warning for the population, as it is capable of harming health, especially at the level of cardiovascular impairment.
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The most common causes of morbidity and mortality are cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are typically associated with stress, insufficient exercise, poor diet, and overweight. CVDs can be prevented by modifying certain risk factors, such as cholesterol and blood sugar levels and body weight. Natural sugars from fruits and honey have long been part of the human diet. ⋯ Additionally, the concentrations of the bioactive components of stevia leaves have no clear correlation with their biological properties, especially in human models. Therefore, future research should be focused on in vivo studies evaluating the effects of regular consumption of stevia products on the cardiovascular system and CVD risk factors, both in healthy individuals and those with diabetes. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of action behind the functional effects of stevia preparations, including those of two major secondary metabolites: stevioside and rebaudioside A.
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It has been reported that sarcopenia is associated with higher postoperative complication rates in various surgeries and with a poorer prognosis in various carcinomas. However, many of these reports did not strictly follow the definition of sarcopenia. Therefore, we prospectively evaluated the influence of sarcopenia, as defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), on complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and on the prognosis of pancreatic head carcinoma. ⋯ Sarcopenia, as defined by EWGSOP2, did not affect complications after PD. Sarcopenia is an important prognostic factor for surgically resected pancreatic head carcinoma.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Concentrated fish oil ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating fibroblast growth factor 21-adiponectin axis.
The fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21)-adiponectin axis participates in energy hemostasis and obesity-related syndrome. The present study aimed to investigate whether concentrated fish oil (FO) intervention could alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via the regulation of the FGF21-adiponectin axis. ⋯ The present study suggested that FO could potentially ameliorate NAFLD through mediating the FGF21-adiponectin axis.