Nutrition
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This study aimed to examine associations between consumption of ultraprocessed food (UPF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in a sample of term and preterm infants. ⋯ There is a positive relationship between UPF and CRP levels among infants, irrespective of excess weight. At the clinical practice level, a better comprehension of the associations between food processing and chronic inflammation may aid in individual dietary guidance.
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Observational Study
Resting metabolic rate and its association with body composition parameters in 9- to 18-year-old Indian children and adolescents.
Obesity is a disorder of energy balance with increasing prevalence in Indian children. Objectives were to study 1) resting metabolic rate (RMR), anthropometry, body composition (BC), and their relationships in Indian children and adolescents affected with overweight (OW) or obesity (OB) and in non-overweight (NOW) children and 2) factors influencing RMR, such as age, sex, and BC. ⋯ We found lower weight-adjusted RMR in children classified as OW or OB as compared with NOW children. Our study underlines the importance of low RMR levels among children with a higher BMI, in girls, and with increasing age.
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The aim of this study was to assess the association of vitamin D levels with vitamin B12 and folate levels in children. ⋯ The present study reported a positive correlation between vitamin D and vitamin B12 and folate levels. Regular measurement of these two micronutrient levels in children with vitamin D deficiency is important for public health.
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Observational Study
Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations and incident risk of ischemic stroke in rural Chinese adults: New insight on ceiling effect.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3) and ischemic stroke and its potential modifying factors in rural Chinese adults. ⋯ An inverse dose-response association between 25(OH)D3 and incident risk of ischemic stroke in rural Chinese adults was only observed in those with 25(OH)D3 < 20 ng/mL, along with two effect modifiers. Higher levels of 25(OH)D3 did not confer additional benefit.
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We aimed to explore whether Lactobacillus reuteri could have a positive role in reducing inflammation and bacterial translocation in rats with acute liver failure. ⋯ Overall, our study indicated that L. reuteri-induced expression of intestinal tight junction proteins is mediated by the PI3 K/Akt-Nrf-2/HO-1-NF-κB and PKC-Nrf-2/HO-1-NF-κB pathways, which leads to inhibition of the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, thus maintaining the integrity of the damaged intestinal barrier.