Nutrition
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The circadian rhythms are controlled by the central clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and by the peripheral clocks in tissues, including adipose tissue. The adipose tissue circadian clock may be associated with the regulation of insulin action; however, human data are limited. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of subcutaneous adipose tissue circadian genes as they relate to obesity and insulin sensitivity before and after diet-induced weight loss. ⋯ Adipose tissue circadian gene expression is decreased in obesity and this decrease may be partially reversed by dietary intervention. Among circadian genes, NR1D2 and DBP seem to be specifically associated with insulin action.
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The aim of this study was to demonstrate that swimming exercise combined with silymarin and vitamin C supplementation improves hepatic inflammation, oxidative stress, and liver histopathology in elderly rats with high-fat diet-induced liver damage. ⋯ In elderly rats with liver injury caused by an HFD, the combination of exercise and silymarin with vitamin C supplementation effectively reduced oxidative stress, liver inflammation, fat accumulation, and regulated liver enzymes.