Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to compare characteristics of habitual and meal-specific dietary patterns identified by latent class analysis (LCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). ⋯ Habitual and meal-specific classes identified by LCA were well characterized by the dietary patterns derived by CFA, suggesting that LCA may be an appropriate statistical approach to classify study participants with similar patterns of intake into exclusive subgroups of individuals.
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Infant and young children feeding (IYCF) practices, particularly for infants and young children <2 y old, became increasingly challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several studies have discussed various educational models in the pre-pandemic period, most of which were conducted in person. The last reviews on IYCF interventions were conducted in 2020 and were relevant to pre-pandemic contexts. ⋯ Three studies had a significant effect, one had in-person meetings, and two consisted of WhatsApp discussions. Most IYCF educational models from the pandemic context comprised online education, whereas WhatsApp was the most popular media used. Future researchers may develop these findings to design research on a larger scale and for a longer period, especially on complementary feeding and continued breastfeeding based on IYCF indicators.
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In recent years, there has been a significant increase in depression, which is related to, among other things, the COVID-19 pandemic. Depression can be fatal if not treated or if treated inappropriately. Depression is the leading cause of suicide attempts. ⋯ A proper diet is vital to preventing depression and can be a valuable addition to psychological and pharmacologic treatment. An inadequate diet may reduce the effectiveness of antidepressants or increase their side effects, leading to life-threatening symptoms. This study aimed to review the literature on the pathogenesis of the development and treatment of depression, with particular emphasis on dietary supplements and the role of nutrition in the prevention and treatment of depressive disorders.
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Lipids and micronutrients play a major role in the pathophysiology of diabetes, and several studies have established the association between lipids and diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the interaction between lipid profile and micronutrient status with different prediabetes and diabetes diagnosis criteria among school-aged children in India. ⋯ The interaction between micronutrients and lipids suggests complex multidimensional pathways involving folate, vitamin B12, ferritin, zinc, hemoglobin, and iodine deficiencies. These interactions should be considered when planning diabetes management strategies.
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Skeletal muscle gauge (SMG) was recently introduced as an imaging indicator of sarcopenia. Computed tomography is essential for measuring SMG; thus, the use of SMG is limited to patients who undergo computed tomography. We aimed to develop a machine learning algorithm using clinical and inflammatory markers to predict SMG in patients with colorectal cancer. ⋯ LP-SMG had superior performance than single variables in predicting low SMG. This machine learning model can be used as a screening tool to detect sarcopenic status without using computed tomography during the treatment period.