Nutrition
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Review Meta Analysis
Prognostic value of temporal muscle thickness, a novel radiographic marker of sarcopenia, in patients with brain tumor: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Sarcopenia has been identified as a prognostic factor among certain types of cancer. However, it is unclear whether there is prognostic value of temporalis muscle thickness (TMT), a potential surrogate for sarcopenia, in adults patients with brain tumors. Therefore, we searched the Medline, Embase, and PubMed to systematically review and meta-analyze the relationship between TMT and overall survival, progression-free survival, and complications in patients with brain tumors and the hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were evaluated. ⋯ Sub-analyses showed that the association existed for both primary brain tumors (HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.55-2.63) and brain metastases (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.30-1.49). Moreover, thinner TMT also was the independent predictor of progression-free survival in patients with primary brain tumors (HR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.85-4.46; P < 0.01). Therefore, to improve clinical decision making it is important to integrate TMT assessment into routine clinical settings in patients with brain tumors.
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This study aimed to identify the prognosis relevant to the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score in locally advanced rectal cancer patients who were treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy before radical surgery. ⋯ The present study finds that the preoperative CONUT score may be a useful prognostic indicator in clinical scenarios.
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Dietary capsaicin from spicy foods has potential benefits for those with cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). However, to our knowledge there is no evidence linking spicy food consumption with cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with diabetes. The aim of this study was to explore the association between spicy food consumption and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in individuals with diabetes from the CKB (China Kadoorie Biobank) study and to provide evidence-based dietary recommendations for those with CMDs. ⋯ This cohort study revealed that the consumption of spicy food was independently associated with a reduced incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in Chinese adults with diabetes, suggesting a beneficial effect on cardiovascular health. Further studies are needed to confirm the association between the consumption of different doses of spicy food and cardiovascular outcomes and the exact mechanism of action.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lipodystrophy and physical exercise on the parameters of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) of people living with HIV (PLWHIV). ⋯ Lipodystrophy and the practice of physical exercise do not present direct involvement in the PhA values, with sex, body composition, and hydration variables being the main influences on this variable. BIVA was able to show differences in the body composition of the groups even when the PhA values were similar.
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This study aimed to identify the clinical usefulness of assessing nutritional status using validated tools for the indication of enteral nutrition for patients with incurable cancer in palliative care. ⋯ Using the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score to identify the existence and severity of CC, which is associated with function, has the potential to help clinical decision making concerning the indication of enteral nutrition in patients with incurable cancer receiving palliative care.