Nutrition
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Fast food chains have introduced many plant-based meals to their menus. We aimed to compare the nutrient composition and allergenic content of plant-based (vegan or vegetarian) meals in fast food chains with their animal-based equivalents. ⋯ Plant-based fast food meals were more likely to contain more carbohydrates, sugar, and fiber and less protein and sodium than their animal-based counterparts. These findings emphasize the importance of informed food choices in the fast food context.
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This study is an assessment of home parenteral nutrition service performance and safety and efficacy outcomes in patients with benign chronic intestinal failure. ⋯ This study confirms the importance of setting up and maintaining structured registries to monitor and improve home parenteral nutrition care. Safety outcomes have improved over the years, most likely due to the underlying efficient nursing service.
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Multicenter Study
Myosteatosis predicts short-term mortality in patients with COVID-19: A multicenter analysis.
Body composition on computed tomography can predict prognosis in patients with COVID-19. The reported data are based on small retrospective studies. The aim of the present study was to analyze the prognostic relevance of skeletal muscle parameter derived from chest computed tomography for prediction of 30-d mortality in patients with COVID-19 in a multicenter setting. ⋯ Myosteatosis is strongly associated with 30-d mortality in patients COVID-19. Patients with COVID-19 with myosteatosis should be considered a risk group.
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Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle mass. Skeletal muscle can produce and secrete different molecules called myokines. Irisin and myostatin are antagonistic myokines, and to our knowledge, no studies of both myokines have been conducted in patients with disease-related malnutrition (DRM). This study aimed to investigate the role of circulating irisin and myostatin in sarcopenia in patients with DRM. ⋯ The present study reported that low levels of serum irisin were closely associated with sarcopenia in patients with DRM.
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This study aimed to explore factors associated with skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) variability in patients with metastatic cancer. ⋯ In this group of patients with metastatic cancer, lower SMD was associated with older age, White race/skin color, and an overall worse clinical condition.