Nutrition
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We aimed to screen for the risk of sarcopenia and sarcopenia-related quality of life and associated factors of people living with HIV (PLWH). ⋯ We verified that only 5.9% and 17.3% of PLWH are at risk of sarcopenia and presented lower sarcopenia-related quality of life, respectively. Only the gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with a risk of sarcopenia and lower sarcopenia-related quality of life, without significant differences between age groups.
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In Pakistan, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has sharply increased in recent years. Although several studies have reported global risk factors for CRC, no study has been conducted in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, to investigate the risk factors associated with the increased CRC burden in this population. ⋯ Given these findings, targeted health education is necessary to prevent the increase in CRC in this area. We also recommend developing and enforcing appropriate control guidelines for cancer risk factors to curb the incidence of CRC.
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Patients with chronic intestinal failure use home parenteral nutrition infusion support. Non-compliance of home parenteral nutrition treatment is well documented, especially if clinical resources are remote. Objective delivery data from Infusion Pump reports have the potential to support treatment progress and planning. The aim of this study was to report the efficacy and accuracy of the Eitan Insights digital health platform for home parenteral nutrition use (a platform providing data-driven insights from the pump-recorded data). ⋯ The data collected by the digital platform accurately reflect patients' infusion data. This connected device has the potential to allow clinicians to be more informed and assess treatment trends and proactive resource planning through the Infusion Pump data insights.
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This study aimed to explore factors associated with skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) variability in patients with metastatic cancer. ⋯ In this group of patients with metastatic cancer, lower SMD was associated with older age, White race/skin color, and an overall worse clinical condition.
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Cancer associated cachexia is characterized by the significant loss of adipose tissue, leading to devastating weight loss and muscle wasting in the majority of cancer patients. The effects and underlying mechanisms of degradation metabolites on adipocytes in cachectic patients remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a comprehensive study combining lipidomic analysis of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue with transcriptomics data from the database to investigate the mechanisms of lipid regulation in adipocytes. ⋯ Our findings suggest that specific lipids, including PE(18:2e/18:2), may mitigate adipose tissue wasting in cachexia by modulating the expression of LPAR6 through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The identification of these potential targets and mechanisms provides a foundation for future investigations and therapeutic strategies to combat cachexia. By understanding the underlying lipid regulation in adipocytes, we aim to develop targeted interventions to ameliorate the devastating impact of cachexia on patient outcomes and quality of life. Nevertheless, further studies and validation are warranted to fully elucidate the intricate mechanisms involved and translate these findings into effective clinical interventions.