Nutrition
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The study aimed to identify the main folate sources and examine socio-demographic and lifestyle determinants influencing folate intake among 1410 women aged 18 to 39. ⋯ Identifying factors associated with a higher intake of folate may be helpful in shaping public health nutrition policy. It allows the design of effective nutrition education programs to promote increased intake of folate in subgroups at risk of deficiency.
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Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle mass. Skeletal muscle can produce and secrete different molecules called myokines. Irisin and myostatin are antagonistic myokines, and to our knowledge, no studies of both myokines have been conducted in patients with disease-related malnutrition (DRM). This study aimed to investigate the role of circulating irisin and myostatin in sarcopenia in patients with DRM. ⋯ The present study reported that low levels of serum irisin were closely associated with sarcopenia in patients with DRM.
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The aim was to investigate the intergenerational inheritance induced by a high-fat diet on sensitivity to insulin and leptin in the hypothalamic control of satiety in second-generation offspring, which were fed a control diet. ⋯ Overall, progenitors fed a high-fat diet induced changes in the hypothalamic control of satiety of the second-generation offspring from progenitors fed the high-fat diet through intergenerational inheritance. These changes led to hyperphagia, alterations in the hypothalamic pathways of insulin, and leptin and adiposity index increase, favoring the occurrence of different cardiometabolic disorders in the second-generation offspring from progenitors fed the high-fat diet fed only with the control diet.
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Fast food chains have introduced many plant-based meals to their menus. We aimed to compare the nutrient composition and allergenic content of plant-based (vegan or vegetarian) meals in fast food chains with their animal-based equivalents. ⋯ Plant-based fast food meals were more likely to contain more carbohydrates, sugar, and fiber and less protein and sodium than their animal-based counterparts. These findings emphasize the importance of informed food choices in the fast food context.