Nutrition
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Multicenter Study
Factors and predictive model for malnutrition in poststroke disabled patients: A multicenter cross-sectional study.
Although malnutrition has been shown to influence the clinical outcome of poststroke disabled patients, the associated factors and the prediction model have yet to be uncovered. ⋯ Age, pulmonary infection, dysphagia, nutrition support mode, total intake volume, and Barthel Index were factors associated with malnutrition in stroke-related disabled patients. The nomogram based on the result exhibited good accuracy, consistency and values.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of nutritional counseling with overweight pregnant women on child growth at 6 months: A randomized controlled trial.
Studies that have investigated the effect of nutritional counseling during the prenatal period on the follow-up outcomes of children at 6 mo have produced inconclusive results. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nutritional counseling, based on the NOVA food classification, encouraging the consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods, with overweight adult pregnant women on infant growth at 6 mo of age. ⋯ There was no effect on infant growth at 6 mo of age after the nutritional counseling during pregnancy. Future studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of series and parallel reactance to identify changes in intracellular water in response to physical training in athletes during a sports season.
Cross-sectional evidence has demonstrated that parallel reactance obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) may be an alternative to the regularly used series of measurements to predict intracellular water (ICW) in athletes. However, we are not aware of any studies that have determined the predictive role or compared the effectiveness of both series and parallel reactance for tracking ICW changes during an athletic season. The main aim of this study was to determine the predictive role and compare both series and parallel reactance (Xc) in tracking ICW during an athletic season. ⋯ Our findings highlight the potential of parallel BIA values to detect changes in body water compartments over a competitive season. These data provide preliminary evidence that changes in parallel Xc/H, and ultimately CAP, represent valid markers of alterations in cell volume during a sports season.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the nutritional status of women with stage I to III breast cancer in the first and third cycles of outpatient chemotherapy and to identify factors associated with it. ⋯ This study highlights the complex interaction between nutritional status, neuropsychological symptoms, and sociodemographic characteristics in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy, and underscores the need for personalized interventions to improve oncological care.
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Comparative Study
Body composition and risk for sarcopenia in transgender women.
Body composition and strength of cisgender (cis) individuals are well established. However, those for transgender women (trans women) undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy remain unclear. This study aimed to detect possible body composition and strength variations related to sarcopenia. ⋯ Trans women undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy show a tendency to adapt body compartments to those of cis women with increased fat mass and reduced muscle mass. Prehensile strength in trans women was close to the cutoff points for sarcopenia risk. Nutrition, physical activity, strength, and body composition are important to avoid the possible risk for sarcopenia. More studies along these lines are necessary, especially in older adults.