Nutrition
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Dietary fiber (DF) can be separated from food and convenient to take, and has an important role in diabetes prevention, but long-term intervention data are lacking. This study evaluated the long-term benefits of DF supplementation on body composition, glucose-lipid metabolism, and clinical regression in middle-aged and elderly patients with prediabetes. ⋯ DF supplementation can reduce the degree of central obesity, the levels of FPG and 2h PG, and the incidence of diabetes in middle-aged and older patients with prediabetes.
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Few studies have investigated the correlation between plant-based diet indices (PDIs) and the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in the Korean population. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between PDIs and the risk of MASLD in Korean adults. ⋯ This cohort study revealed an association of the overall PDI and hPDI with a lower risk of MASLD, highlighting the importance of adhering to these types of plant-based diets to prevent MASLD among Korean adults.
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Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) is critical in treating locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). However, the effect of body composition, grip strength, and physical performance during neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the impact of these factors on perioperative clinical outcomes in LAGC patients undergoing NC. ⋯ For LAGC patients receiving NC, changes in SMI, VFI, grip strength, and physical status can predict perioperative clinical outcomes. These patients should be given special nutritional intervention.
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To compare the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) agreement between synthetic data and the Smart Computerized Anthropometric NavigatioN and Evaluation Resource (SCANNER) software package. ⋯ The SCANNER software package is a straightforward tool that could facilitate the estimation of WHtR in distance participants or patients.
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The aim of this study was to analyze temporal trends of food consumption patterns, attitudes, and health-related knowledge in Tuvalu, a small Pacific Island country facing the triple threat of obesity, climate change, and food insecurity. ⋯ The data collected in the COMBAT study provides valuable insights for future epidemiological research to elucidate the associations and causal relationships between climate change, food security, and non-communicable diseases in Tuvalu.