Nutrition
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Comparative Study
Advancing body composition assessment in patients with cancer: First comparisons of traditional versus multicompartment models.
Measurement of body composition using computed tomography (CT) scans may be a viable clinical tool for low muscle mass assessment in oncology. However, longitudinal assessments are often infeasible with CT. Clinically accessible body composition technologies can be used to track changes in fat-free mass (FFM) or muscle, though their accuracy may be impacted by cancer-related physiological changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the agreement among accessible body composition method with criterion methods for measures of whole-body FFM measurements and, when possible, muscle mass for the classification of low muscle in patients with cancer. ⋯ Despite discrepancies between clinical body composition assessment and the criterion multicompartment model, DXA demonstrates the strongest agreement with 4C. Disagreement between DXA and CT for low muscle mass classification prompts further evaluation of the measures and cutoffs used with each technique. Multicompartment models may enhance our understanding of body composition variations at the individual patient level and improve the applicability of clinically accessible technologies for classification and monitoring change over time.
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The purpose of the present study was to explore the latent growth trajectory of body mass index (BMI) from birth to 24 months and comprehensively analyze body composition development influencing factor in preschool children. ⋯ BMI growth in children aged 0-24 months can be divided into three latent trajectories: low, middle, and high. These trajectories and parental ppBMI were independent and interactive factors influencing children's body composition. The high trajectories played a partial mediating role in the association between paternal ppBMI and body composition in preschool children. It is necessary to pay attention to the BMI growth level of children aged 0-24 months, which plays an important role in the development of body fat in the future.
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A lack of research exists on associations between eating behaviors and dietary intake among patients undergoing bariatric surgery. This study aimed to ascertain the association between eating behaviors and dietary quantity and quality at mid-term postsleeve gastrectomy (SG). ⋯ External eating showed the most unfavorable associations, while restrained eating showed the most favorable associations with quantity and quality of diet 2 to 4 years after SG. Emotional eating was minimally related to dietary characteristics.
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We aimed to analyze reactions to tweets that employed weight-based discrimination terms and to compare them to others posted by the same users on X (formerly Twitter). ⋯ Tweets concerning fatphobia, body shaming, and similar terms gain more reactions than others posted by the same accounts.
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Muscle loss is one of the phenotypic criteria of malnutrition, is highly prevalent in patients with cirrhosis, and is associated with adverse outcomes. Mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) estimates the skeletal muscle mass and is especially helpful in cases of fluid overload. This study aimed to propose MAMC cutoff points for patients with cirrhosis and demonstrate its association with 1-year mortality. ⋯ Low MAMC classified according to the new cutoff points predicts mortality risk in patients with cirrhosis and could be used in clinical practice.