Nutrition
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Dietary treatment in phenylketonuria (PKU) is known to cause eating problems, but knowledge of both prevalence and magnitude, especially for social restrictions, is scarce. Our aim was to evaluate the social restrictions and eating problems that children with PKU and their caregivers experience with dietary treatment. ⋯ This pilot study provides further evidence that restriction of social activities and eating problems associated with dietary restrictions is more common in children with PKU, and warrants awareness on this topic among professionals working with these children.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the food consumption of pregnant women and the degree of industrial processing using the Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII). ⋯ The increase in the consumption of foods with a higher degree of processing is associated with a more proinflammatory potential of the maternal diet.
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The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a decrease in visceral adipose tissue on the long-term outcomes of patients with gastric cancer after surgery. ⋯ Both loss of preoperative skeletal muscle mass and a decrease in visceral adipose tissue have an effect on the long-term outcomes of advanced gastric cancer.
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An increase in the global prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease has been reported in recent years. Although its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, inflammatory bowel disease is highly correlated with intestinal oxidative stress, immune disorders, overexpression of proinflammatory factors, and imbalance of gut microbiota. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), extracted from olive oil and leaves, exhibits significant antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. ⋯ In summary, HT supplementation exerts antiinflammatory effects in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by enhancing colonic antioxidant capacities, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and modulating gut microbiota in vivo.