Nutrition
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Adipose tissue radiodensity and metabolic activity may influence COVID-19 outcomes. This study evaluated the association between adipose tissue characteristics and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. ⋯ Elevated SATR at COVID-19 diagnosis predicts disease severity and worse outcomes. SATR is a potential prognostic biomarker for acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Assessment of malnutrition-related muscle depletion with computed tomography (CT) using skeletal muscle index (SMI) and muscle radiation attenuation (MRA) at the third lumbar vertebra is well validated. However, SMI and MRA values at other vertebral locations and interchangeability as parameters in different types of cancer are less known. We aimed to investigate whether adult patients with different types of cancer show differences in SMI and MRA at all vertebral levels. ⋯ SMI, but not MRA, was lower in HNC/EC/LC patients than in ME patients at most vertebral levels. This indicates that low muscle mass presents itself across the various vertebral muscle areas. MRA may less consistently mark muscle depletion in malnourished patients.
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This study aims to establish cut-off points for lipid accumulation product and tri-ponderal mass index to identify insulin resistance (IR) in Brazilian postpubertal adolescents. ⋯ This study establishes cut-off points for adiposity indices, demonstrating their effectiveness in screening for IR in postpubertal Brazilian adolescents.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect various organs and systems. Symptoms of SLE can vary widely from person to person and over time, including fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes, fever, and inflammation of multiple organs. The association between SLE and excess body weight has been the subject of study, with evidence suggesting that overweight and obesity can worsen the disease´s clinical presentation. ⋯ Obesity can also influence the quality of life of patients with SLE, making a holistic approach that considers the individual's nutritional status essential. Therefore, understanding the relationship between obesity and SLE is crucial for optimizing treatment, improving clinical outcomes, and enhancing patients' quality of life. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, develop more precise and personalized management strategies, and identify biomarkers that can predict disease prognosis and treatment response.
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To determine reference values for diagnosing sarcopenia through chest CT scans and evaluate their suitability for use among the Chinese old population. ⋯ This study established reference values for sarcopenia diagnosis through chest CT scans among the Chinese population, highlighting the importance of utilizing chest CT scans for sarcopenia detection and muscle health monitoring in older adults.