Nutrition
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an essential cofactor for mitochondrial function, declines with aging, which may lead to impaired physical performance. Nicotinamide riboside (NR), a NAD+ precursor, restores cellular NAD+ levels. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of short-term NR supplementation on physical performance in middle-aged mice and the effects on mouse and human muscle stem cells. ⋯ These findings support a role for NR in improving cellular energetics and functional capacity in mice, which support the translation of this work into clinical settings as a strategy for improving and/or maintaining health span during aging.
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Meta Analysis
Green tea consumption and risk for esophageal cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
Controversial results of the association between green tea consumption and risk for esophageal cancer (EC) were reported by previous meta-analysis. Thus, the aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the association. ⋯ Contrary to previous studies, based on current evidence, the present dose-response study suggested no association between green tea and risk for EC. However, there might be a protective effect of green tea in women. Notably, our conclusion might be influenced by limited studies and potential bias, such as dose of green tea assessment and select bias of case-control studies. Further larger number, prospective, and well-designed larger-scale studies are needed to provide more precise evidence, especially in women and more regions (United States and Europe).
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Review Case Reports
Acute and life-threatening complications in patients with anorexia nervosa: A case report and literature study.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by a strong fear of weight gain and body image disorders and is classified as a mental illness that can cause direct damage to one's mental health and body. Many individuals with AN tend to commit suicide. Additionally, the disease can lead to chronic undernutrition and low body weight, adversely affecting each body system, exacerbating systemic medical complications, especially acute life-threatening complications. ⋯ We report a case of a patient with AN and severe hypokalemia, significant Q-T interval prolongation, stomach dilation, and intestinal obstruction who recovered after conservative treatment. The defecation method we used, to our knowledge, has not been previously reported in the literature. We also briefly review the various acute and life-threatening complications of AN.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Whole grain intake favorably affects blood glucose and serum triacylglycerols in overweight and obese children: A randomized controlled crossover clinical trial.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of whole grain consumption on the metabolic profiles of overweight or obese children. ⋯ This study provided evidence supporting the beneficial effects of whole grain foods on serum concentrations of glucose, triacylglycerols and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in overweight children.
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Hand grip strength (HGS) is frequently used in clinical practice, resulting in a potential marker of nutritional status. This study aimed to develop reference values of HGS in Italian women with different categories of body mass index (BMI). Additionally, the main predictors of HGS were identified. ⋯ This study defined the normal reference values of HGS in Italian women with different BMI ranges, stratifying the sample group by age. Additionally, the main predictors of HGS were assessed for each BMI tertile. In primary malnutrition (T1), the main predictor of HGS was body weight, whereas in the other two tertiles (T2, T3), the PhA was the main predictor of HGS.