Nutrition
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Low muscle mass (MM) is significant in cancer patients, and computed tomography (CT) is considered the reference standard for MM assessment. We investigated the consistency of CT and multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBIA) in detecting body composition at baseline and during anticancer treatment and the relationship between MM and malnutrition as well as complications in lung and cervical cancer patients. ⋯ mBIA- and CT-derived body composition was highly correlated, and agreement was reached on body composition changes during treatment.
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Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical condition in which sarcopenia and obesity occur together, and is associated with more poor clinical outcomes, increased mortality, and morbidity than sarcopenia. Phase angle (PhA), a parameter derived from bioimpedance analysis (BIA), provides data on cellular health, membrane integrity, and cellular function. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between SO and PhA among older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). ⋯ The study identified a significant relationship between SO and PhA among older adults with type 2 DM. However, larger prospective studies are needed to confirm the potential utility of PhA as a biomarker for SO.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of series and parallel reactance to identify changes in intracellular water in response to physical training in athletes during a sports season.
Cross-sectional evidence has demonstrated that parallel reactance obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) may be an alternative to the regularly used series of measurements to predict intracellular water (ICW) in athletes. However, we are not aware of any studies that have determined the predictive role or compared the effectiveness of both series and parallel reactance for tracking ICW changes during an athletic season. The main aim of this study was to determine the predictive role and compare both series and parallel reactance (Xc) in tracking ICW during an athletic season. ⋯ Our findings highlight the potential of parallel BIA values to detect changes in body water compartments over a competitive season. These data provide preliminary evidence that changes in parallel Xc/H, and ultimately CAP, represent valid markers of alterations in cell volume during a sports season.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Joint effects of one year of marine omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and participant dietary fish intake upon circulating lipid mediators of inflammation resolution in a randomized controlled trial.
We assessed the joint effects of omega (n)-3 fatty acid supplementation and dietary fish intake on systemic lipid mediators of inflammation among adults. ⋯ Beneficial changes in circulating proresolving and proinflammatory mediators were found with 1-y of ω-3 fatty acid supplementation versus placebo for all participants, with a trend toward larger effects among those with low baseline fish intake, although interactions were not significant.
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Multicenter Study
Factors and predictive model for malnutrition in poststroke disabled patients: A multicenter cross-sectional study.
Although malnutrition has been shown to influence the clinical outcome of poststroke disabled patients, the associated factors and the prediction model have yet to be uncovered. ⋯ Age, pulmonary infection, dysphagia, nutrition support mode, total intake volume, and Barthel Index were factors associated with malnutrition in stroke-related disabled patients. The nomogram based on the result exhibited good accuracy, consistency and values.