Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to analyze the intake of specific macronutrients and minerals that could influence cardiovascular health in recreational marathon runners. ⋯ Marathon runners consuming adequate amounts of unsaturated fat, iron, potassium, and magnesium, performed better and presented better cardiovascular health.
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The quantitative importance of prescribed intravenous (IV) medication to water and sodium intake in routine clinical practice is undocumented, with uncertain influence on clinical outcomes. The present study aimed to redress this issue in surgical patients with gastrointestinal problems. ⋯ IV medicine prescriptions, particularly antibiotic agents and paracetamol, can make substantial and clinically relevant contributions to daily water and sodium intake. These contributions have persisted over time and should be considered during routine assessments of fluid balance and interventions aiming to improve clinical outcomes.
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The essential branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) valine, leucine, and isoleucine, are widely studied because of their effects on immunity and metabolism. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of cell also studied due to their immunomodulatory properties. Since both BCAAs and MSCs have immunomodulatory capacity, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of BCAAs on some immunomodulatory aspects of MSCs. ⋯ BCAA supplementation affected some immunoregulatory aspects of MSCs.
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Obesity and being overweight among adolescents pose a significant problem and are known to cause several physical and biochemical disorders during adulthood. This study was designed to identify the biomarkers of obesity and describe associations with selected metabolic disorders of obesity among Sri Lankan adolescents. ⋯ Serum leptin, adiponectin, and hs-CRP were found to be reliable biomarkers of predicting adiposity related metabolic disorders in adolescents. Obese adolescents showed disorders in the lipid metabolism with abnormal lipid profiles compared with children of normal weight.
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Malnutrition, among older people, has a prevalence of 22% in hospitals, 17.5% in nursing homes, and 8.7% in home care. Adequate knowledge among health care staff is necessary for risk identification and adequate intervention. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Knowledge of Malnutrition-Geriatric (KoM-G) questionnaire in Italian and to investigate the malnutrition knowledge of registered nurses working in hospitals, nursing homes, home care, and palliative care in Italy. ⋯ The level of knowledge about malnutrition in nurses is adequate. Training courses and management protocols should be implemented to improve nursing care for malnourished older people.