Nutrition
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Current Parkinson's disease (PD) medications treat symptoms; none can slow down or arrest the disease progression. Disease-modifying therapies for PD remain an urgent unmet clinical need. This review was designed to summarize recent findings regarding to the efficacy of phytochemicals in the treatment of PD and their underlying mechanisms. ⋯ There is now extensive evidence from preclinical studies that neuroprotective phytochemicals as promising candidate drugs for PD are needed to translate from the laboratory to the clinic.
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The study (PreopWeek) aimed to assess the perioperative nutritional care for major surgical patients in Brazilian hospitals, focusing on adherence to emerging multimodal protocols like Enhanced Recovery After Surgery and Acceleration of Total Postoperative Recovery. ⋯ Our study demonstrates a lack of adherence to the multimodal protocols, even in hospitals with institutional protocols. Future educational programs are necessary to improve this result.
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The association between dysphagia and activities of daily living in patients with stroke has been reported, but the effect of improved dysphagia on the increase in trunk muscle mass is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between improved dysphagia and increased trunk muscle mass in older patients with stroke. ⋯ Improved dysphagia was independently associated with trunk muscle mass gain, suggesting that improved dysphagia is important for trunk muscle mass gain in patients with stroke.
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition affecting metabolic pathways and physiological mechanisms. In Spain, CKD prevalence has risen, increasing patients requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). Managing nutritional status in advanced CKD (ACKD) patients is crucial as it influences disease progression and quality of life. This study aims to describe the nutritional status of predialysis patients at University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain, and develop a quick and easy model for estimating body fat percentage without bioimpedance. ⋯ Accurately assessing body composition in CKD patients is crucial as traditional measures like BMI may not capture health risks effectively. The developed model offers a practical alternative to bioimpedance for estimating body fat percentage, potentially improving CKD management and patient outcomes. Further validation in diverse populations and integration with lifestyle interventions is needed.
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This study investigated biomarkers in individuals with newly developed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (ND-MASLD) and examined the interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors using a machine learning approach in a large longitudinal study. ⋯ Early-stage biomarkers of ND-MASLD were closely linked to MetS incidence. Dietary quality, perceived health status, and psychological stress emerged as potential targets for MASLD prevention strategies, with lifestyle modifications potentially overriding genetic predispositions. The results indicate that preventive strategies about lifestyle modification should be developed for MASLD.