Nutrition
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Anemia is an important health concern worldwide, particularly in poor populations such as in India. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of anemia and iron status. ⋯ Anemia was common in this population. Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 status were important predictors for plasma Hb concentration. Improving the status of these nutrients might reduce the burden of childhood anemia in India.
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Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and its subsequent treatment may provoke increased oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant status of children and adolescents who had received ALL therapy, and to test the hypothesis that selenium (Se) inadequacy is correlated with reduced defenses against oxidative stress in this population. ⋯ All participants were Se inadequate, but such inadequacy was not correlated with reduced defenses against oxidative stress. However, individuals of the ALL group were with increased oxidative stress compared with the control group, possibly due to previous disease and to intensive polychemotherapy.
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Because of the inefficacy of standard methods for the evaluation of body composition of grade III obese individuals, it is difficult to analyze the quality of weight loss after bariatric surgery in these patients. Electrical bioimpedance vector analysis and the RXc graph uses crude resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) values, like components of the Z vector, to monitor variations in body fluid and the nutritional status of obese individuals. Using bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and the RXc graph, the objective of the present study was to evaluate long-term changes in weight and body composition of obese women after Roux-en-Y bariatric surgery. ⋯ Weight loss due to surgery results in an important reduction of fat-free mass characterized by the position of most individuals in the cachexia quadrant throughout the postoperative period.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new intravenous (IV) regular human insulin infusion (RHI) algorithm for glycemic control in critically ill patients with renal failure. ⋯ The new RHI algorithm improved patient safety by decreasing the prevalence of moderate hypoglycemia and eliminating severe hypoglycemia. The duration of glycemic control within the target BG range was decreased, but acceptable within a higher target BG ceiling.
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According to the "antioxidants network" theory, the present study was conducted to evaluate the regulation of an antioxidant blend on intestinal redox status and major microbiota of early-weaned piglets. ⋯ Supplementation of the antioxidant blend effectively restored intestinal redox status and microbiota balance in the porcine intestine in response to early weaning stress, enhancing intestinal health and function of piglets.