Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Yeast hydrolysate can reduce body weight and abdominal fat accumulation in obese adults.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of yeast hydrolysate on the abdominal fat in obese humans. ⋯ Yeast hydrolysate can reduce body weight and the accumulation of abdominal fat without an adverse effect on lean body mass in obese adults, regardless of sex, via the reduction of energy intake.
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Protein malnutrition (PM) often is associated with changes in bone marrow (BM) microenvironment leading to an impaired hematopoiesis; however, the mechanism involved is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare the cell cycle progression of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) and evaluate the cell cycle signaling in malnourished mice to assess the mechanism of cell cycle arrest. ⋯ PM suppressed cell cycle progression mainly of HPC. This occurred via cyclin D1 down-regulation and p21/p27 overexpression attesting that BM microenvironment commitment observed in PM is affecting cell interactions compromising cell proliferation.
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The aim of this study was to investigate body composition changes in fat mass (FM) to lean body mass (LBM) ratios following 15% body weight loss (WL) in both integrated medical treatment and bariatric surgery groups. ⋯ If followed closely by professionals during the first 15% body WL, patients losing 15% weight by either medical or surgical treatments can attain similar FM:LBM loss ratios and can maintain WL for 1 y.
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It has been suggested that birth weight may determine metabolic abnormalities later in life. The aim of the current study was to assess the association between birth weight and future risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregravid obesity in a homogenous sample of Caucasian Polish women. ⋯ Among Caucasian Polish women, the risk of GDM is associated with low birth weight, and pregravid obesity is associated with high birth weight. Traditional risk factors for GDM, including maternal (but not paternal) history of diabetes, are also risk factors for pregravid obesity.
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We assessed the alterations in mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle that were elicited by short-term high-fat feeding in sedentary rats. ⋯ Acute isocaloric high-fat feeding is able to induce increased phosphorylation efficiency in skeletal muscle subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar mitochondria. This modification implies a reduced oxidation of energy substrates that may contribute to the early onset of obesity.