Nutrition
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To examine the relation between the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) and the mortality of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). ⋯ The MST appears to be a reliable tool for the nutritional risk assessment of patients with pulmonary TB. This risk assessment tool can play a valuable role in quickly identifying patients at an increased risk of death and providing adequate nutritional support.
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Childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, which can be mediated by an increase in angiogenesis and inflammation. The objective was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and circulating biomarkers of angiogenesis, inflammation, and cardiac dysfunction in children and adolescents. ⋯ Increasing BMI was associated with plasma levels hs-CRP and VEGF, which are involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The lack of association between BMI and markers of cardiac damage (hs-TnT) or ventricular volume overload (NT-proBNP) suggest that atherosclerotic risk may still at a preclinical stage in this population of obese but otherwise healthy young individuals. Collectively, this suite of biomarkers could provide mechanistic insights into the physiopathologic progression of cardiovascular risk associated with childhood obesity.
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Acetaminophen (APAP), an antipyretic/analgesic drug, is reported to cause toxicity on overdose. Dietary supplements are currently being explored to decrease toxicity. In the present study, the protective effect of probiotic Enterococcus lactis IITRHR1 was evaluated at different doses (10(7), 10(8), and 10(9) colony-forming units) against APAP-induced liver damage. ⋯ Probiotic strain E. lactis IITRHR1 was found to have antioxidant capacity and afforded protection against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity by modulating antioxidant status, pro-/anti-apoptotic proteins, caspases, and DNA damage.
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Our previous in vitro study demonstrated that glyceollins help normalize glucose homeostasis by potentiating β-cell function and survival in insulinoma cells as well as improving glucose utilization in adipocytes. Here, we investigated whether fermented soybeans containing glyceollins had an antidiabetic action in type 2 diabetic animals. ⋯ Glyceollin-containing FSG improves glucose homeostasis, partly by enhancing hepatic insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic mice.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dietary intervention induces flow of changes within biomarkers of lipids, inflammation, liver enzymes, and glycemic control.
To determine how changes in lipids, liver enzymes, and inflammatory and glycemia markers intercorrelate during prolonged dietary intervention in obese participants with or without type 2 diabetes (T2D). ⋯ Long-term dietary intervention induces a flow of changes within biomarkers and the cross-talk is likely to be stronger in T2D. A decrease in systemic inflammation during the weight-loss phase may predict greater long-term improvement in lipids (www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT00160108).