Nutrition
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We examined the ability of sulforaphane and selenium to modify the expression of thioredoxin reductase (TR-1) and the glutathione peroxidases (GPX-1 and GPX-4) in EAhy926 cells. The effectiveness of these agents to protect cells against peroxidative damage was also assessed. ⋯ In endothelial cells, sulforaphane increases TR-1 but not GPX-1 and GPX-4 and in doing so confers protection against oxidative damage induced by lipid hydroperoxides. The results highlight the potential important role of TR-1 over the GPXs in protecting endothelial cells from oxidative cell damage. We also suggest that our results indicate a potential beneficial role for sulforaphane in protecting the vascular endothelium from oxidative damage.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Short-term effects of parenteral nutrition of cholestatic infants with lipid emulsions based on medium-chain and long-chain triacylglycerols.
Infants with chronic cholestasis may require parenteral nutrition with lipid emulsions to provide energy and essential fatty acids but the optimal strategy is controversial. ⋯ The MCT/LCT and LCT emulsions showed a good metabolic tolerance in infants with chronic cholestasis but had a differential effect on high-density lipoprotein phospholipid contents of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids.
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We compared the tolerance of early (within the first 24 h after admission to the pediatric intensive care unit) and late transpyloric enteral nutrition in critically ill children. ⋯ Early transpyloric enteral nutrition is well tolerated in critically ill children and is not associated with an increase in incidence of complications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of cereal-thickened formula and upright positioning on regurgitation, gastric emptying, and weight gain in infants with regurgitation.
We compared the effect of cereal-thickened formula or postural therapy on regurgitation and gastroesophageal reflux, weight gain, and gastric emptying in infants. ⋯ Cereal-thickened formula is significantly more efficacious than postural therapy in decreasing the frequency of regurgitation in regurgitating infants. Treatment of regurgitation with cereal-thickened formula results in an increased caloric intake ( approximately 25%), related to increased gain in weight and length, in comparison with regular formula and positioning therapy.