Nutrition
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We investigated the effect of gastrointestinal surgery on bone metabolism with special reference to nutrition status and the systemic inflammatory response (SIR). ⋯ Because the amount of excreted D-Pyr reflects the loss of the bone matrix, these results may indicate that bone resorption increases after gastrointestinal surgery. The extent of resorption was parallel to the degree of SIR and nutrition status.
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We investigated the peroxidation potential of fat emulsions in all-in-one solutions (AIOs). ⋯ In AIO bags, LPX occurred within 24 h after the addition of the lipid emulsion and seemed to be directly related to the PUFA content and inversely related to the alpha-tocopherol:PUFA ratio of the emulsion.
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Lycopene, a nutritional antioxidant, was evaluated for its anticataract potential to further establish its role in cataract prevention. ⋯ Lycopene protects against experimental cataract development by virtue of its antioxidant properties, and it may be useful for prophylaxis or therapy against cataracts.
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We assessed which factors contribute to the high level of nutritional risk detected by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) test in institutionalized older women. To this end, we undertook a complete nutritional assessment. ⋯ This high prevalence of risk of malnutrition detected by the MNA test in healthy institutionalized older women was due mainly to risk situations and self-perception of health and did not depend on age. Inadequate micronutrients intake may contribute to the development of malnutrition in this population.
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We investigated the energy requirements of non-ambulatory patients with severe neurodevelopmental disabilities and chronic hypothermia. ⋯ Measured energy expenditure when the patient is normothermic significantly overestimated actual caloric needs. The energy intake necessary to achieve desired weight changes are restrictive when compared with the basal energy expenditure, Arlington Developmental Center equation, or measured energy expenditure when normothermic.