Nutrition
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To evaluate the association between consumed non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a cohort of pregnant women from Santiago, Chile. ⋯ The consumption of NNS, particularly sucralose, is associated with an increased risk of GDM in pregnant women. Further studies are essential to validate these results in other contexts and to guide future recommendations for healthier dietary practices among pregnant populations.
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Dietary fiber (DF) can be separated from food and convenient to take, and has an important role in diabetes prevention, but long-term intervention data are lacking. This study evaluated the long-term benefits of DF supplementation on body composition, glucose-lipid metabolism, and clinical regression in middle-aged and elderly patients with prediabetes. ⋯ DF supplementation can reduce the degree of central obesity, the levels of FPG and 2h PG, and the incidence of diabetes in middle-aged and older patients with prediabetes.
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Few studies have investigated the correlation between plant-based diet indices (PDIs) and the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in the Korean population. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between PDIs and the risk of MASLD in Korean adults. ⋯ This cohort study revealed an association of the overall PDI and hPDI with a lower risk of MASLD, highlighting the importance of adhering to these types of plant-based diets to prevent MASLD among Korean adults.
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Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) is critical in treating locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). However, the effect of body composition, grip strength, and physical performance during neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the impact of these factors on perioperative clinical outcomes in LAGC patients undergoing NC. ⋯ For LAGC patients receiving NC, changes in SMI, VFI, grip strength, and physical status can predict perioperative clinical outcomes. These patients should be given special nutritional intervention.
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Herein, we present a thorough examination of the impact of maternal nutrition on fetal and infant neurodevelopment, focusing on specific nutrients and their critical roles in perinatal and pediatric health. Through a comprehensive narrative review of the literature, this study highlights the importance of a balanced maternal diet rich in nutrients like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), folic acid, iron, and iodine in shaping children's neurological functions. ⋯ We highlight areas requiring further investigation, particularly regarding iodine's impact and the risks associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy. In conclusion, this research sheds light on our current understanding of maternal nutrition and child neurodevelopment, offering valuable insights for health professionals and researchers.