Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of alkalinization of lidocaine on the pain of skin infiltration and intravenous catheterization.
To test the hypothesis that alkalinization of lidocaine decreases the pain of skin infiltration in surgical patients. ⋯ Pain resulting from skin infiltration of lidocaine solutions can be diminished by adding NaHCO3. However, catheter size is more important than the presence or absence of NaHCO3 in determining the pain of i.v. catheterization.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Recovery following outpatient anesthesia: use of enflurane versus propofol.
To compare the intraoperative conditions and postoperative recovery of patients following the use of either propofol-nitrous oxide (N2O) or enflurane-N2O for maintenance of outpatient anesthesia. ⋯ Induction of anesthesia with propofol is associated with a more rapid emergence from anesthesia than induction with thiopental. Maintenance of anesthesia with enflurane did not prolong recovery compared with maintenance with propofol, but enflurane was associated with increased frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
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The LMA has been commercially available since 1988, and in the United States since 1992. The device combines several advantages of endotracheal tubes and face masks and may be used in many situations where either device was previously used routinely. ⋯ Although not suitable for all patients and procedures, the LMA has become widely used in all other countries where it is available. Many of the surgical procedures for which the LMA is most suited are performed in outpatients, and we expect this device will soon become popular in carefully selected cases in this country.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Heated breathing tubes affect humidity output of circle absorber systems.
To verify whether the airway climate in circle systems can be improved with heated breathing tubes. ⋯ Low-flow systems need at least 120 minutes to achieve a satisfactory airway climate. Heated breathing tubes effectively reduce this delay.