Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Due to the risks of transfusion reactions and the transmission of infectious diseases, there has been increased interest in measures to limit intraoperative blood loss and avoid the need for homologous transfusion. Controlled hypotension is one technique that has been used to limit intraoperative blood loss. Several drugs have been used alone or in combination for controlled hypotension, including the inhalational anesthetics, direct acting vasodilators such as nitroglycerin and nitroprusside, beta adrenergic antagonists, and calcium channel blockers. Various drugs available to the clinician for controlled hypotension are reviewed.
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The successful management of major conduction anesthesia in a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is discussed. This case illustrates that major conduction anesthesia can be safely used if proper imaging studies are obtained, if one is aware of the underlying disease process, and if there is no port wine lesion in the dermatomal area corresponding to the spinal segment where the needle is to be inserted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Desflurane controls the hemodynamic response to surgical stimulation more rapidly than isoflurane.
To compare the control of hemodynamic response to surgical stimulus of desflurane to that of isoflurane. ⋯ Anesthetic depth can be more rapidly titrated with desflurane compared to isoflurane. Alveolar/inspired concentration ratio approaches unity more rapidly with desflurane anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Cardiovascular reflexes during anesthesia induction and tracheal intubation in elderly patients: the influence of thoracic epidural anesthesia.
To determine whether thoracic epidural anesthesia performed prior to general anesthesia provides hemodynamic protection from the stress of laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation; to access the autonomic reflex response to epidural anesthesia, general anesthesia, and airway stimulation. ⋯ Thoracic epidural blockade combined with general anesthesia was associated with preserved baroreflex function, and it afforded hemodynamic protection during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.
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Clinical Trial
Total intravenous anesthesia for children undergoing brief diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
To compare the quality of anesthesia with propofol, ketamine, or etomidate in children undergoing brief diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. ⋯ Anesthesia with propofol, ketamine, or etomidate is safe and efficacious for children undergoing brief procedures. Propofol is associated with a decreased incidence of postanesthetic agitation and vomiting. Its association with respiratory depression is confirmed.