Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane with and without nitrous oxide in elderly versus young adults.
To determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane with and without 65% nitrous oxide (N2O) in non-Asian patients at least 70 years of age, and in patients aged 18 to 35 years. ⋯ The MAC of sevoflurane determined in this study is similar to that determined in previous studies, including the MAC determined in an elderly Asian population. Increasing age and N2O decrease sevoflurane MAC similarly to that determined with other volatile anesthetics.
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To evaluate the perioperative risk to nonparturients with Eisenmenger's physiology for noncardiac surgical procedures. ⋯ A variety of anesthetic techniques and drugs may be used successfully in nonparturients with Eisenmenger's physiology undergoing noncardiac surgery. Although the study group is small, the perioperative mortality risk is lower than that for parturients undergoing either labor and delivery or cesarean section and is probably in the range of approximately 10%.
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Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is an important biogenic amine that fulfills the role of neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. It has been a focus of interest during the last decade. Its diversity of pharmacologic actions is related to a wide variety of receptors and effector mechanisms. ⋯ Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are of particular clinical importance in the treatment of psychological illness. Future use of these drugs is also envisioned in the treatment of certain types of pain syndromes. Awareness of the serotonergic drugs and the recognition of possible drug interactions among drugs that influence serotonergic mechanisms in humans are becoming increasingly important in the practice of anesthesiology.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of varying intravenous patient-controlled analgesia dose and lockout interval while maintaining a constant hourly maximum dose.
To investigate the effect on the use of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) of varying the dose (D) and lockout interval (LI) while keeping the hourly maximum dose constant. ⋯ The use of 1.0 mg with a 6-minute lockout may represent appropriate dose titration because this group obtained equivalent analgesia, morphine use, and side effects as the two larger dose and lockout groups. However, the increased number of PCA attempts and missed attempts may reflect lower satisfaction with PCA therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The efficacy of single-dose aprotinin 2 million KIU in reducing blood loss and its impact on the incidence of deep venous thrombosis in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery.
To evaluate the efficacy of a 2 million KIU single dose of aprotinin on blood loss, transfusion requirements, and incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery. ⋯ A single 2 million KIU bolus dose of aprotinin does not reduce perioperative blood loss or transfusion requirements. Aprotinin therapy, when used in conjunction with other antithrombotic therapies, does not increase the incidence of DVT after major orthopedic surgery.