Pediatric radiology
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 2017
Comparative StudyAdvanced virtual monochromatic reconstruction of dual-energy unenhanced brain computed tomography in children: comparison of image quality against standard mono-energetic images and conventional polychromatic computed tomography.
Advanced virtual monochromatic reconstruction from dual-energy brain CT has not been evaluated in children. ⋯ Optimal virtual monochromatic imaging using Mono+ algorithm demonstrated better image quality for gray-white matter differentiation and reduction of the artifact in the posterior fossa.
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 2017
Venous thrombosis and stenosis after peripherally inserted central catheter placement in children.
Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) can lead to development of venous thrombosis and/or stenosis. The presence of venous thrombosis and/or stenosis may preclude children with chronic medical conditions from receiving lifesaving therapies, from hemodialysis in end-stage renal disease to total parenteral nutrition in short bowel syndrome. Several adult studies have found an association between PICCs and venous thrombosis and/or stenosis, but none has evaluated for this association in children. ⋯ More than a quarter of the vascular imaging studies performed in this study cohort showed previously unknown venous thrombosis and/or stenosis, irrespective of PICC laterality, insertion site, duration and size and the number of PICCs. A history of CVC was associated with a nearly two-fold increase in risk of venous thrombosis and/or stenosis after PICC placement. We suggest that PICCs and CVCs should be placed judiciously in all children, but especially in those with lifelong medical conditions who are more likely to incur direct consequences from limited vascular access.
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 2017
Image quality at synthetic brain magnetic resonance imaging in children.
The clinical application of the multi-echo, multi-delay technique of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) generates multiple sequences in a single acquisition but has mainly been used in adults. ⋯ Synthetic T1- and T2-weighted images were diagnostically acceptable, but synthetic FLAIR images were not. Lesion conspicuity and gray/white matter differentiation were comparable to conventional MRI.
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 2017
Comparative StudyPulmonary vascular volume ratio measured by cardiac computed tomography in children and young adults with congenital heart disease: comparison with lung perfusion scintigraphy.
Lung perfusion scintigraphy is regarded as the gold standard for evaluating differential lung perfusion ratio in congenital heart disease. ⋯ Cardiac CT, in a single examination, can offer pulmonary vascular volume ratio in addition to pulmonary artery anatomy essential for evaluating peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis in patients with congenital heart disease. However there is a wide range of agreement between cardiac CT and lung perfusion scintigraphy.