Pediatric radiology
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Pediatric radiology · May 2018
Emergency department imaging of pediatric trauma patients during combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Military hospitals in Iraq and Afghanistan treated children with traumatic injuries during the recent conflicts. Diagnostic imaging is an integral component of trauma management; however, few published data exist on its use in the wartime pediatric population. ⋯ Military health care providers frequently utilized radiographic studies in the evaluation of pediatric trauma casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan. Deployed military hospitals that treat children would benefit from dedicated pediatric-specific imaging training and protocols.
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Pediatric radiology · May 2018
Comparative StudyCan diffusion-weighted whole-body MRI replace contrast-enhanced CT for initial staging of Hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents?
Although positron emission tomography with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET/CT) has been recommended as the method of choice for lymphoma staging, it has limited availability in several countries, therefore, studies comparing whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to conventional staging methods or to FDG-PET/CT are an important tool to establish whole-body MRI as an alternative to these methods. ⋯ Whole-body MRI has excellent sensitivity for staging of Hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents. It can thus be considered an alternative for this purpose, particularly because it does not expose patients to ionizing radiation.
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Pediatric radiology · May 2018
Case ReportsPulmonary embolus as cause of death in an adolescent: demonstration on postmortem CT.
Computed tomography (CT) is widely accepted in adult forensic death investigations (determination of cause and manner of death) but is only beginning to play a larger role in the cause of death determination in infants and children. We present a case of an adolescent with nephrotic syndrome who sustained cardiac arrest and died in the emergency department. A postmortem CT was requested by the state Office of the Medical Examiner as part of the medicolegal death investigation. Postmortem CT showed a saddle pulmonary embolus that was confirmed on conventional autopsy, demonstrating a natural manner of death.
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Pediatric radiology · May 2018
CT-guided localization of pulmonary nodules in children prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgical resection utilizing a combination of two previously described techniques.
Pulmonary nodules in pediatric oncology patients can present a diagnostic and treatment dilemma. Imaging findings are often nonspecific and tissue diagnosis may be required for appropriate treatment. The smaller subpleural nodules may not be visualized and cannot be palpated during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgical (VATS) resection. Preoperative localization has been beneficial in obtaining an adequate pathological specimen. ⋯ CT-guided lung nodule localization using the combined techniques of methylene blue blood patch and hook wire is safe, technically feasible and successful in children. Using this combination of techniques will consistently yield a pathological diagnosis, is currently the preferred technique at our tertiary pediatric hospital and could be considered the new best practice.