Pediatric radiology
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Pediatric radiology · Dec 2006
Central venous cannulation: are routine chest radiographs necessary after B-mode and colour Doppler sonography check?
After the insertion of a central venous catheter, a chest radiograph is usually obtained to ensure correct positioning of the catheter tip. ⋯ The close concordance between B-mode and colour Doppler sonography and chest radiography justifies the more frequent use of sonography to evaluate catheter position because ionizing radiation is eliminated. Chest radiography may then be performed only when there is suspected inappropriate catheter tip position after sonography.
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Pilocytic astrocytomas are among the most common intramedullary spinal cord tumors in the pediatric age group. The presence of contrast enhancement is a major factor used to distinguish these tumors from other spinal cord lesions. We present a case of histologically proved non-enhancing intramedullary spinal cord pilocytic astrocytoma in a 12-year-old girl. This case represents an exception to the conventional wisdom that pediatric spinal neoplasms enhance with administration of intravenous contrast material.
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Pediatric radiology · Dec 2006
Distribution of brain infarction in children with tuberculous meningitis and correlation with outcome score at 6 months.
Prognostic indicators for tuberculous meningitis (TBM) offer realistic expectations for parents of affected children. Infarctions affecting the basal ganglia are associated with a poor outcome. ⋯ Infarction is associated with a poor outcome unless purely hemispheric. MRI diffusion-weighted imaging was not part of this study, but is likely to play a central role in detecting infarctions not demonstrated by CT.
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 2006
MR imaging of transient synovitis: differentiation from septic arthritis.
Transient synovitis is the most common cause of acute hip pain in children. However, MR imaging findings in transient synovitis and the role of MR imaging in differentiating transient synovitis from septic arthritis have not been fully reported. ⋯ The statistically significant MR findings in transient synovitis are contralateral (asymptomatic) joint effusions and the absence of SI abnormalities of the bone marrow. It is less common to have SI alterations and contrast enhancement of the soft tissues. The statistically significant MR findings in septic arthritis are SI alterations of the bone marrow, and SI alterations and contrast enhancement of the soft tissue. Ipsilateral effusion and synovial thickening and enhancement are present in both diseases.
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 2006
Ileoileal intussusception in children: ultrasonographic differentiation from ileocolic intussusception.
The treatment of ileoileal intussusception in children differs from that of ileocolic intussusception. ⋯ Unlike clinical symptoms, ultrasonography can differentiate between ileoileal and ileocolic intussusception. The diameter and length of the intussusception are the main criteria.