Pediatric radiology
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Pediatric radiology · Feb 2006
Case ReportsPrenatal MR diffusion-weighted imaging in a fetus with hemimegalencephaly.
We report a case of hemimegalencephaly diagnosed by prenatal MRI with an emphasis on its appearance on diffusion-weighted images. This case shows that in this condition the enlarged hemisphere may show restricted diffusion on prenatal MRI. In our opinion, this finding may result from a combination of increased cellularity and advanced myelination in the affected hemisphere. Restricted diffusion is an additional valuable indicator in the analysis of the fetal brain.
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The value of CT in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in children is well reported. Follow-up CT scanning for these patients is, however, not well described and, in particular, the value of early follow-up CT has not been addressed for children with TBM. ⋯ Early follow-up CT is useful in making a diagnosis of TBM by demonstrating features that were not present initially and by demonstrating more sensitive, obvious or additional features of TBM. In addition, follow-up CT is valuable as a prognostic indicator as it demonstrates additional infarcts which may have developed or become more visible since the initial study. Lastly, follow-up CT has therapeutic value in demonstrating hydrocephalus, which may develop over time and may require drainage. We advise routine follow-up CT in patients with suspected TBM within the first week of initial CT and optionally at 1 month.
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 2005
Case ReportsComplications of lumbar puncture in a child treated for leukaemia.
Lumbar puncture may lead to neurological complications. These include intracranial hypotension, cervical epidural haematomas, and cranial and lumbar subdural haematomas. MRI is the modality of choice to diagnose these complications. This report documents MRI findings of such complications in a child treated for leukaemia.
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 2005
Sonographic detection of radiographically occult fractures in paediatric ankle injuries.
In some paediatric ankle injuries, the clinical picture is suggestive of a fracture despite negative three-view radiographs. ⋯ US is effective for the detection of radiographically silent fractures of the paediatric ankle. It may be used as an adjunct to radiography in clinically suspicious, but radiographically negative ankle injuries.
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 2005
Case ReportsCecal volvulus: a rare cause of bowel obstruction in a pediatric patient diagnosed pre-operatively by conventional imaging studies.
Cecal volvulus is an acute surgical condition that is extremely rare in children, with a mortality rate of up to 40%. The clinical symptoms are often non-specific, and pediatric patients frequently have neurological deficits with associated communication difficulties, making the clinical diagnosis extremely challenging. Conventional radiographic imaging studies play a key role in the prospective diagnosis in children. We report a rare case of cecal volvulus in a 12-year-old boy who was diagnosed pre-operatively by abdominal radiographs and a contrast enema.