Pediatric radiology
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Pediatric radiology · Mar 1999
Comparative StudyRadiation exposure during chest X-ray examinations in a premature intensive care unit: phantom studies.
There are few reports on the radiation dose received by infants, their family and radiographers exposed to scatter radiation in a premature baby intensive care unit. ⋯ Recommendations to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure are given.
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Pediatric radiology · Dec 1998
Evaluation of mebrofenin hepatoscintigraphy in neonatal-onset jaundice.
The prognosis of infants with prolonged neonatal jaundice is dependent on early diagnosis because of the need for prompt surgical management of biliary atresia. ⋯ Mebrofenin scintigraphy is accurate in confirming the presence of a choledochal cyst and in refuting the diagnosis of EHBA. While histology and scintigraphy are each 100 % sensitive for the diagnosis of EHBA, neither, individually, is accurate and the investigation of prolonged neonatal jaundice requires a multi-modality imaging strategy.
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Pediatric radiology · Nov 1998
Comparative StudyComparison of turbo inversion recovery magnitude (TIRM) with T2-weighted turbo spin-echo and T1-weighted spin-echo MR imaging in the early diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis in children.
To compare turbo inversion recovery magnitude (TIRM) with standard T1-weighted (T1-W) and T2-weighted (T2-W) MR sequences in the very early detection of acute osteomyelitis in children. ⋯ In 13 of 15 patients, the absolute signal enhancement in a ROI on the TIRM images was better than on the T1-W SE and T2-W TSE images and in 14 of 15 cases, C/N ratios were also better on the TIRM images than on the other sequences. In the other cases, the TIRM signal was diagnostically equivalent. On the TIRM images, the signal difference between normal and pathological tissue was increased to 43-281% (mean 124%). On the T2-W TSE images, this signal difference was 4-79% (mean 36%) and on the T1-W SE images 6-77% (mean 37%). Conclusion. The TIRM sequence is highly sensitive for detecting bone marrow oedema in the very early stage of acute osteomyelitis in children. MRI utilising the TIRM sequence allowed for an early diagnosis. With scan time of less than 4 minutes, this sequence is superior to T1-W SE and T2-W TSE images for detecting early osteomyelitis-associated bone marrow oedema.
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Pediatric radiology · May 1998
Case ReportsExtra-articular triplane fracture of the distal tibia: a case report.
The triplane fracture of the distal tibia is anatomically complex. It typically consists of a coronal fracture of the metaphysis, a transverse fracture of the physis, and a sagittal, intra-articular fracture of the epiphysis. ⋯ This is an important variant to recognize because it does not disrupt the distal tibial articular surface. This lack of articular involvement allows for non-surgical management in contrast to the usual triplane fracture which often requires open reduction and internal fixation.
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Pediatric radiology · Mar 1998
Comparative StudyTranscranial Doppler, MRA, and MRI as a screening examination for cerebrovascular disease in patients with sickle cell anemia: an 8-year study.
The authors previously reported five transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) findings as significant in detecting clinical cerebrovascular disease in a 4-year study in patients with sickle cell disease. This is a follow-up to evaluate the validity of the original findings over another 4-year period during which the study population doubled. A clinical follow-up of the original asymptomatic sickle cell patients with positive TCD, MRA, and MRI was also made. ⋯ Positive MRA with a positive TCD in an asymptomatic patient in long-term follow-up suggests a trend for developing clinical stroke. A 4- to 8-year follow-up of nine patients with positive TCD, positive MRI, but not positive MRA did not show development of clinical stroke. Nine Doppler findings are significant in screening for clinically symptomatic vascular disease in sickle cell patients. It is recommended that children with sickle cell disease be screened for cerebrovascular disease with TCD. If one or two indicators of abnormality are present, MRA is recommended. If the MRA is positive, the patient may be considered for transfusion therapy or other treatment for prevention of stroke.