Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of palonosetron in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting over a 72-h period.
We performed a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial to assess the efficacy and safety of a single, fixed, intravenous dose of palonosetron (0.075 mg) in the treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). ⋯ A single 0.075 mg IV dose of palonosetron effectively increased the CR rates at 24 and 72 h in these moderate-risk patients with established PONV.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2014
Multicenter StudySafety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine for long-term sedation in critically ill patients.
We evaluated the safety and efficacy of long-term administration of dexmedetomidine in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Primary endpoint was the incidence of hypotension, hypertension, and bradycardia. Secondary endpoints were withdrawal symptoms, rebound effects, the duration of sedation with Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) ≤ 0 relative to the total infusion time of dexmedetomidine, and the dose of additional sedatives or analgesics. ⋯ Long-term safety of dexmedetomidine compared to its use for 24 h was confirmed. Dexmedetomidine was useful to maintain an adequate sedation level (RASS ≤ 0) during long-term infusion.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA prospective randomized multicenter comparative study of BLM-240 (desflurane) versus sevoflurane in Japanese patients.
The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BLM-240 (desflurane) in comparison to sevoflurane in Japanese patients. A total of 216 patients were enrolled in this randomized comparative study at 15 medical institutions. The patients received either BLM-240 with 50-70 % N2O in O2 (n = 111), BLM-240 with 30 % O2 in air (n = 55), or sevoflurane with 50-70 % N2O in O2 (n = 50). ⋯ Time from discontinuation of anesthetic delivery to extubation was 9.7 ± 0.6 min in the BLM-240/N2O group and 14.3 ± 0.9 min in the sevoflurane/N2O group, meeting the pre-defined non-inferiority criteria of BLM-240 to sevoflurane. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of total ADR between the BLM-240 group (62.0 %) and sevoflurane group (48.0 %). The results indicate that BLM-240 is an effective and safe inhalation anesthetic in Japanese patients.
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffects of dose ranging of adenosine infusion on electrocardiographic findings during and after general anesthesia.
To assess changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) associated with intraoperative infusion of adenosine in patients undergoing open abdominal gynecological surgery. ⋯ There was no difference in QTc prolongation following intraoperative administration of adenosine infusion compared with placebo during isoflurane general anesthesia. However, QTc prolongation is common following general anesthesia.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudySafety and efficacy of oral rehydration therapy until 2 h before surgery: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.
In many countries, patients are generally allowed to have clear fluids until 2-3 h before surgery. In Japan, long preoperative fasting is still common practice. To shorten the preoperative fasting period in Japan, we tested the safety and efficacy of oral rehydration therapy until 2 h before surgery. ⋯ Oral rehydration therapy until 2 h before surgery is safe and feasible in the low-risk Japanese surgical population. Physicians are encouraged to use this practice to maintain the amount of water in the body and electrolytes and to improve the patient's comfort.