Annals of medicine
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Review Case Reports
The rare manifestations in tuberculous meningoencephalitis: a review of available literature.
Aim: Tuberculous meningitis is an infectious disease of the central nervous system caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). It mainly involves the meninges and brain parenchyma, as well as the spinal cord and meninges; Disability and mortality rates are high. In recent years, due to the increase of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients, population mobility and the prevalence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, the incidence rate of tuberculosis has increased significantly, and tuberculous meningitis has also increased. ⋯ Its disability rate is the highest in tuberculosis infection. In addition to the common non-specific manifestations, tuberculous meningoencephalitis may also have rare manifestations of stroke, hearing loss and visual loss. Conclusion: Understanding and timely improvement of corresponding examinations and targeted treatment will help improve the prognosis of patients.
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic and autoimmune disease that is mainly featured abnormal fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration. Abnormal expression or function of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely related to human diseases, including RA. There has been increasing evidence showing that in the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, both lncRNA and circRNA are vital in the biological functions of cells. ⋯ In addition, we also discussed the future direction and potential clinical value of ceRNA in the treatment of RA, which may provide potential reference value for clinical trials of TCM therapy for the treatment of RA. Key messagesLong noncoding RNA/circular RNA can work as the competitive endogenous RNA sponge and participate in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Traditional Chinese medicine and its agents have shown potential roles in the prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis via competitive endogenous RNA.
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Multicenter Study
Influenza vaccine hesitancy and influencing factors among university students in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey.
Highly mutable and contagious influenza poses a serious health threat to university students and their close contacts. Although annual influenza vaccination is an effective way to prevent influenza, influenza vaccination rates among Chinese university students are still low due to vaccine hesitancy. This study investigated Chinese university students' hesitancy to receive influenza vaccine and its influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemics based on WHO's vaccine hesitancy matrix. ⋯ Medical staff are suggested to provide health education, improve doctor-patient communication and recommend vaccinations to university students to increase their risk perception and willingness to get an influenza vaccination. Collective vaccination strategies can be implemented to reduce the vaccine hesitancy for students.
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Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by loss of tear film homeostasis with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 5% to 50%. In DED, dysfunction of the ocular structures that create and regulate the tear film components-including the lacrimal glands, meibomian glands, cornea, and conjunctiva-causes a qualitative and/or quantitative tear deficiency with resultant tear film instability and hyperosmolarity. This initiates a vicious cycle of ocular surface inflammation and damage that may ultimately impair the quality of life and vision of affected patients. ⋯ Key messagesSuccessful management of dry eye disease often requires the use of various pharmacologic and/or nonpharmacologic therapies, as well as environmental and lifestyle modifications, to mitigate the underlying etiologies and restore tear film homeostasis. Primary care clinicians play an essential role in dry eye disease management by establishing a diagnosis, educating patients about the disorder, and providing referrals to eye care specialists for initiation of specialized treatment and long-term follow-up. Primary care clinicians and clinical specialists should consider prescribing medications with fewer ocular surface effects whenever possible in patients at risk for or with existing dry eye disease.
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Tirofiban is a small non-peptide ligand-mimetic Glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitor which can reversibly bind to the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) recognition site of GP IIb/IIIa to prevent platelet aggregation. It reduces the incidence of thrombotic cardiovascular events in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). ⋯ This side effect caused by tirofiban is especially concerning given how frequently it is used in the practice of contemporary cardiovascular care. The present review provides an overview of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, management, and risk factors associated with tirofiban-induced thrombocytopenia.