Journal of psychopharmacology
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J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford) · Sep 2019
Meta AnalysisCessation and reduction in alcohol consumption and misuse after psychedelic use.
Meta-analysis of randomized studies using lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcohol use disorder (AUD) showed large, significant effects for LSD efficacy compared to control conditions. Clinical studies suggest potential anti-addiction effects of LSD and mechanistically-related classic psychedelics for alcohol and other substance use disorders. ⋯ Although results cannot demonstrate causality, they suggest that naturalistic psychedelic use may lead to cessation or reduction in problematic alcohol use, supporting further investigation of psychedelic-assisted treatment for AUD.
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J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford) · Jul 2010
Review Meta AnalysisEvaluation of akathisia in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar I disorder: a post hoc analysis of pooled data from short- and long-term aripiprazole trials.
The objective of this article is to assess the clinical characteristics of akathisia in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar I disorder receiving aripiprazole, haloperidol, olanzapine, or placebo. We conducted post hoc analyses of pooled safety data from trials in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar I disorder. Outcome measures included the incidence of akathisia, time to onset, duration, severity, and discontinuation due to akathisia, concomitant use of benzodiazepines and/or anticholinergics, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS) scores, and the correlation between antipsychotic efficacy and akathisia. ⋯ Discontinuation due to akathisia was low in both the schizophrenia trials (aripiprazole 0.3%; placebo 0%; aripiprazole 0.9%; haloperidol 2.3%; aripiprazole 1.2%; olanzapine 0.2%) and the bipolar trials (aripiprazole 2.3%; placebo 0%). Treatment-emergent akathisia was not associated with a poorer clinical response. In conclusion, akathisia with aripiprazole occurred early in treatment, was mild-to-moderate in severity, led to few study discontinuations, and did not compromise therapeutic efficacy.
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J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford) · May 2006
Meta Analysis Comparative StudyThe impact of atypical antipsychotic medications on long-term memory dysfunction in schizophrenia spectrum disorder: a quantitative review.
This meta-analytic review examines the efficacy of antipsychotic medications in ameliorating schizophrenia-related long-term memory (LTM) impairments. Twenty-three studies were reviewed that compared schizophrenia spectrum patients treated (a) with atypical versus typical antipsychotic medications, or (b) with various atypical treatments. In 17 atypical versus typical trials aggregating 939 participants, superior overall (verbal and nonverbal) LTM was detected in patients assigned to atypical trials. ⋯ Direct comparison between atypical trials revealed a similar effect pattern. A marginally significant superiority in overall LTM was detected for risperidone and olanzapine compared to clozapine (ES 0.28; 95% CI -0.04 to 0.59), which reached significance for verbal LTM (ES 0.36; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.67). Finally, the beneficial impact of antipsychotic medications emerged as a function of differences in the anticholinergic properties of the treatment arms being compared.