Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
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Ramadan, the ninth month of Islamic calendar brings alongwith it a sense of responsibility to fast among the Muslim adult population. Though patients with chronic illnesses like Diabetes mellitus are exempted from fasting during the month if their health does not allow, they still wish to fast. ⋯ Insulin sensitizers are a better option than drugs increasing secretion of insulin. Type 2 Diabetic patients can fast much safely as compare to Type 1 Diabetics.
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Intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) consist of an abnormal nidus of blood vessels that shunt blood directly from an artery to a vein and thereby bypass an intervening capillary bed. AVMs may be found as an incidental finding. They may be associated with intracranial haemorrhage, seizures, headaches or neurological deficits. There are different treatment options for AVM. These include observation, microsurgery, Stereotactic radio surgery (SRS), endovascular embolization and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). ⋯ Stereotactic radiosurgery is the most suitable technique for AVMs considering the good prognosis and the risks associated with this procedure. However, large AVMs require multidisciplinary approach for better results.
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Studies have shown maintaining good cerebral perfusion during Cardiac Surgeries is very important in terms of patient outcomes and reducing the hospital stay, which may have its financial and clinical implications. The aim of this review study was to determine the effectiveness of Cerebral Oximetry (Transcranial Near-Infrared Spectroscopy-NIRS to monitor cerebral oxygenation) for Cardiac Surgery and to propose a possible concluding remark about its potential applications, overall clinical value and whether to keep using it or not. ⋯ This can rightly be concluded from this study that NIRS Cerebral Oximetry does not carry the clinical significance and relevance which was previously thought. The subject under observation needs further studies and research to evaluate the effectiveness of the Cerebral Oximetry Use for Cardiac Surgery.
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J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad · Jul 2015
ReviewSETTING UP TRIAGE SERVICES IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT: EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE OF PAKISTAN. A JOURNEY TOWARD EXCELLENCE.
The history of triage started from the French battle field for prioritizing patients. Emergency triage was started in early 1950's in USA in order to treat the sickest first. It has now become an integral component of all emergency departments (ED). ⋯ Specific triage protocols were developed for guidance and uniformity of care. Manual recording system was replaced by computerized triage data entry software. Enabling the department to monitor patient quality care indicators like total number of patients triaged, triage category, lag time reports and left without being seen by physicians.
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J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad · Jul 2013
ReviewUnintentional childhood poisoning, epidemiology and strategies for the prevention and policy change in Pakistan.
Poisoning is the fifth leading cause of unintentional injuries among young children. Agents most commonly ingested by young children include medicines, cleaning substances, hydrocarbons, pesticides and cosmetics. ⋯ Knowledge of parents and caregivers about prevention of poisoning may be the basis to prevent subsequent injuries. This paper is a review of the epidemiology of unintentional poisonings among young children (less than five years) and its risk factors especially in the context of Pakistan.