Clinical imaging
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Sonographic texture analysis can reflect histopathological components and their arrangement in metastatic and common benign lymph nodes. It is helpful in differentiation between metastatic and benign lymph node lesions for target selection during biopsy of multiple lymph nodes and the strategy of the management. Two ultrasound systems, 107 sonographic regions of interest (ROIs) of metastases and 174 sonographic ROIs of common benign lymph nodes, were recruited in the study. ⋯ The experimental results show that the entropy gains the best cross-validation accuracy of 94.66% and 87.73% in both ultrasound systems 1 and 2 for the classification of metastatic and benign lymph nodes disease. The accuracy can be further increased to 97.86% and 100% by the combination of the sum average in the study. There are significantly higher entropy and sum average values of the metastatic lymph nodes than of the benign lymph nodes, which are due to the heterogeneous compositions and arrangement of larger cancer cells, lymphocytes, and stroma in metastatic lymph nodes that contrast with simple inflammatory cells infiltration in common benign lymph nodes.
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Review Case Reports
Sequestrated thoracic disc herniation mimicking a tumoral lesion in the spinal canal--a case report.
Calcified thoracic disc sequestration is a very rare disease. Unusual sequestered disc fragments mimic spinal tumors and other space-occupying lesions due to a lack of discernible clinical features that can be used to differentiate these disc fragments from disc herniations and tumoral lesions. In this report, we describe a patient with a dorsally sequestrated calcified disc fragment in the thoracic spine that mimicked a bony tumoral lesion of the spinal canal and present a literature review. Thoracic disc sequestration accompanied by an atypical location requires a systematic diagnostic approach involving accurate preoperative history and careful radiographic evaluation.
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Primary fourth ventricular meningiomas are extremely rare and often misdiagnosed as other tumors. They have no characteristic imaging appearance on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, differentiating the lesion from common lesions in the fourth ventricle can be diagnostically challenging. In this report, we present a 25-year-old man with fourth ventricular meningioma and refer to the usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient measurements for the differential diagnosis of fourth ventricular tumors.