European journal of cancer : official journal for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) [and] European Association for Cancer Research (EACR)
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
New clinical, pathological and molecular prognostic models and calculators in patients with locally diagnosed anaplastic oligodendroglioma or oligoastrocytoma. A prognostic factor analysis of European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumour Group Study 26951.
The prognosis of patients with anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (AOD) and oligoastrocytomas (AOA) is variable. Biomarkers might be helpful to identify more homogeneous disease subtypes and improve therapeutic index. The aim of this study is to develop new clinical, pathological and molecular prognostic models for locally diagnosed anaplastic gliomas with oligodendroglial features (AOD or AOA). ⋯ We identified important prognostic factors for AOD and AOA and showed that molecular markers added a major contribution to clinical and pathological factors in explaining PFS and OS. With a positive predictive value of 92% for PFS and 94% for OS, our models allow physicians to precisely identify high risk patients and aid in making therapeutic decisions.
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Multicenter Study
Hepatitis B virus reactivation in B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab: analysis from the Asia Lymphoma Study Group.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is increasing, as rituximab has become widely used for B-cell lymphoma. Thus, prevention and management of HBV reactivation are important in HBV-endemic areas. ⋯ This is the largest study of HBV reactivation in patients receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy to date, and we defined the probability of HBV reactivation in an HBV-endemic region.
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Acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) occurs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who initially respond to TKI treatment but whose cancer then progresses. Recent studies have shown that Notch signal is associated with drug resistance. However, the exact mechanism of Notch during acquisition of resistance to EGFR-TKI in human lung cancer remains unclear. ⋯ Silencing of Notch-1 using siRNA resulted in mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), which was associated with impaired invasion and anchorage-independent growth of lung cancer and resensitisation to gefitinib in acquired resistant NSCLC cells. Finally, gefitinib treatment of Balb/c nu/nu with acquired resistant lung cancer xenografts in combination with Notch inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-(S)-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT) resulted in effective tumour growth retardation, with decreased proliferative activity and increased apoptotic activity. Collectively, these data suggest that Notch-1 might play a novel role in acquired resistance to gefitinib, which could be reversed by inhibiting Notch-1.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Hormone receptor loss in endometrial carcinoma curettage predicts lymph node metastasis and poor outcome in prospective multicentre trial.
Preoperative histologic examination of tumour tissue is essential when deciding if endometrial cancer surgery should include lymph node sampling. We wanted to investigate if biomarkers could improve prediction of lymph node metastasis and outcome. ⋯ Double negative hormone receptor status in endometrial cancer curettage independently predicts lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in a prospective multicentre setting. Implementing hormone receptor status to improve risk-stratification for selecting patients unlikely to benefit from lymphadenectomy seems justified.
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Comparative Study
Nation-wide data on screening performance during the transition to digital mammography: observations in 6 million screens.
To critically evaluate and confirm previous results regarding the diagnostic accuracy of digital mammography screening (DM), compared to screen-film mammography (SFM) in the whole Dutch screening programme, in the period of 2004-2010, during which a full transition from SFM to DM was made. ⋯ In accordance to previous, smaller, studies, we can confirm that DM has a higher detection rate compared to SFM, at the cost of a higher recall rate and lower PPV. More DCIS and a higher fraction of very small tumours were detected with DM, which has positive consequences for the stage shift as a result of mass screening.