Acta neurologica Scandinavica
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Acta Neurol. Scand. · Mar 2016
Morphology of the human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation treatment.
The vagus nerve has gained a role in the treatment of certain diseases by the use of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). This study provides detailed morphological information regarding the human cervical vagus nerve at the level of electrode implant. ⋯ We conclude by stating that one has to look at the vagus nerve as a morphological entity of the peripheral autonomic nervous system, a composite of different fibres and (anastomosing and hitchhiking) branches of different origin with different neurotransmitters, which can act both parasympathetic and sympathetic. Electrically stimulating the vagus nerve therefore is not the same as elevating the 'physiological parasympathetic tone', but may also implement catecholaminergic (sympathetic) effects.
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Acta Neurol. Scand. · Mar 2016
Serum soluble CD40 ligand levels after acute intracerebral hemorrhage.
Soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) is associated with inflammation. This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of sCD40L for clinical outcomes of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients. ⋯ Elevated serum sCD40L levels are independently associated with ICH severity and clinical outcomes. And sCD40L has potential to be a good prognostic biomarker of ICH.