Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
-
Dietary calcium deficiency may increase fracture risk. In girls, 29.4% of fracture cases and 11.8% of controls without fracture had a history of milk-free diet. The odds ratio (OR) for fracture with a milk-free diet in girls was 4.6, p < 0.01. In boys, 23% of cases and 19% of controls had a history of a milk-free diet; OR = 1.3, NS). A milk-free diet due to cow's milk allergy is associated with increased fracture risk in girls. ⋯ Cow's milk allergy is associated with increased fracture risk in girls. Whether this association is due to the illness, calcium deficit or a deficit in other milk nutrients is uncertain. These data suggest that the contribution of milk-free diet to fracture liability among children and adolescents is modest.