Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
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Multicenter Study
Incidence, risk factors, and fracture healing of atypical femoral fractures: a multicenter case-control study.
The incidence of atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) was 2.95% among 6644 hip and femoral fractures. Independent risk factors included the use of bisphosphonates (BPs), osteopenia or osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, increased femoral curvatures, and thicker femoral cortices. Patients with AFFs and BP treatment were more likely to have problematic healing than those with typical femoral fractures (TFFs) and no BP treatment.
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Low bone mineral density (BMD) gives an increased risk of fractures, which can lead to premature death. Can BMD of the wrist predict mortality? BMD consistent with osteopenia and osteoporosis gave a significantly increased risk of death for both men and women in a general population in Tromsø, Norway.
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Observational Study
Incidence of subsequent fractures in the UK between 1990 and 2012 among individuals 50 years or older.
We studied the incidence of subsequent fractures in persons of 50+ years from 1990 to 2012 and the relative risk (RR) of subsequent fractures after an index femur/hip fracture, stratified per 5-year age band. Patients suffering a fracture have a high incidence of a subsequent fracture; the RR of subsequent fracture after a femur/hip fracture ranged from 2 to 7.