Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Oct 2011
ReviewEndocannabinoid system dysfunction in mood and related disorders.
The endocannabinoid (EC) system is widely distributed throughout the brain and modulates many functions. It is involved in mood and related disorders, and its activity may be modified by exogenous cannabinoids. This article examines the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in psychiatric disorders. ⋯ Research is needed to elucidate the role of the EC system in psychiatric disorders and for clinical trials with THC, CBD and synthetic cannabinoids to assess their therapeutic potential.
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Aug 2011
ReviewMindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Fjorback LO, Arendt M, Ørnbøl E, Fink P, Walach H. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy - a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. ⋯ Evidence supports that MBSR improves mental health and MBCT prevents depressive relapse. Future RCTs should apply optimal design including active treatment for comparison, properly trained instructors and at least one-year follow-up. Future research should primarily tackle the question of whether mindfulness itself is a decisive ingredient by controlling against other active control conditions or true treatments.
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Aug 2011
The involvement of distinct neural systems in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder with autogenous and reactive obsessions.
To investigate the regional metabolite abnormalities and changes after treatment in patients with OCD with autogenous and reactive obsessions. ⋯ While disturbed energy metabolism in ACC might reflect a common pathology in patients with OCD regardless of symptom dimension, alterations in mesiotemporal lobe are more likely for autogenous obsessions.
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Apr 2011
ReviewSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure during early pregnancy and the risk of birth defects.
To assess the methodological value of studies that signaled one or more selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as teratogenic agents. ⋯ In light of such considerations, the hypothesized teratogenicity of SSRIs remains undemonstrated. Hence, further, well-designed research is needed to differentiate definitively the detrimental impact of depression on pregnancy outcomes from potential iatrogenic events.
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Mar 2011
Treatments for bipolar disorder: can number needed to treat/harm help inform clinical decisions?
To compare bipolar treatment interventions, using number needed to treat (NNT) and number needed to harm (NNH). ⋯ Clinical trials can help inform clinical decision making by quantifying the likelihood of benefit vs. harm. Integrating such data with individual patient circumstances, values, and preferences can help optimize treatment choices.