Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Aug 2015
Review Meta AnalysisWarfarin use and the risks of stroke and bleeding in hemodialysis patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and a meta-analysis.
The efficacy and safety of warfarin therapy in hemodialysis (HD) patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. Thus, we performed, up to date, the first meta-analysis on the risks of stroke and bleeding in warfarin treatment in these populations. ⋯ This meta-analysis suggested that warfarin should not be recommended for the routine treatment of HD patients with AF.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Aug 2015
Meta AnalysisQuantitative assessment of the effects of beta-glucan consumption on serum lipid profile and glucose level in hypercholesterolemic subjects.
A growing body of evidence suggests that beta-glucan derived from oats or barley can reduce cardiovascular disease risk through reductions in serum lipids. However, the effects of beta-glucan on lipid changes in hypercholesterolemic patient groups are inconsistent. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify the effect of beta-glucan, a marker of water-soluble fiber, on various lipid parameters and glucose level in hypercholesterolemic subjects. ⋯ Our meta-analysis showed that beta-glucan consumption significantly decreased TC and LDL-cholesterol concentrations but did not affect TG, HDL-cholesterol, and glucose concentrations in hypercholesterolemic subjects.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Aug 2015
Extra-media thickness and epicardial fat: Comparison of a novel carotid artery ultrasound index and a well-established cardiac magnetic resonance fat quantification method.
Epicardial and pericardial fat are well-established surrogate markers of cardiovascular diseases and complications. Extra-media thickness (EMT) is a novel ultrasound index corresponding to arterial adventitia and adipose tissue. We aimed to evaluate the association between carotid EMT and epicardial fat (EF) and pericardial fat (PF) and their relation to cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome (MS). ⋯ Our study showed the first findings on the relations between a novel ultrasound index EMT and EF assessed in a reference method of CMR. Carotid EMT may be a new surrogate marker, including both periarterial fat as a major component and arterial adventitia, which may provide additional data on cardiometabolic risk beyond that derived form a well-established EF alone.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · Jun 2015
Dietary style and acid load in an Italian population of calcium kidney stone formers.
Animal protein intake may cause an acid load that predisposes individuals to stones by influencing calcium and citrate excretion. These associations were not confirmed in recent studies. Therefore the present study was aimed to compare acid load of diet in stone formers and controls. ⋯ Our findings suggest that stone formers may undergo a greater dietary acid load sustained by a low vegetable intake and base provision. Dietary acid load does not appear as the main determinant of calcium excretion, but may promote stone risk by decreasing citrate excretion. Sodium intake may predispose to stones by stimulating calcium excretion.
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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · May 2015
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with major cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac structure and function in patients with coronary artery disease.
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease, but the possible effects of Vitamin D on cardiac structure and function are not well characterized. ⋯ Low Vitamin D is associated with several major cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac structural changes including impaired systolic and diastolic function, which together may explain the association of low Vitamin D to worse cardiovascular outcome.