The Annals of pharmacotherapy
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Meta Analysis
Topical Tranexamic Acid for the Treatment of Acute Epistaxis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
To compare topical tranexamic acid (TXA) with control groups for the treatment of acute epistaxis assessing bleeding cessation, discharge within 2 hours, rebleeding rates, complication rates, and patient satisfaction. ⋯ Topical TXA appears to be a reasonable option for the treatment of acute epistaxis, with reduced rebleeding rates, shorter discharge times, and minimal risk of complications. Topical TXA may be considered as part of the treatment of acute epistaxis.
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To review the efficacy, safety, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of pure, plant-derived cannabidiol (CBD; Epidiolex) in the treatment of Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS). ⋯ This is the first cannabis-derived medication with approval from the US Food and Drug Administration. This CBD formulation significantly reduces seizures as an adjunct to standard antiepileptic therapies in patients ≥2 years old with DS and LGS and is well tolerated.
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Patients with reported β-lactam allergies often receive broad-spectrum antimicrobials and have been shown to experience a variety of negative health consequences, such as increased mortality, costs, readmission, and adverse reactions. Current literature focuses on β-lactam allergy skin testing but lacks evidence on β-lactam allergy interviews (BLAI) when skin testing is unavailable. ⋯ A total of 80 patients were included in the study (43 in the control group and 37 in the prospective group). Fluoroquinolone duration was reduced after the implementation of BLAI (3.7 vs 2.7 days, P = 0.027). In all, 49% of patients in the prospective group were switched to a β-lactam antibiotic after BLAI, with no allergic reactions, adverse effects, or impact on LOS. Conclusion and Relevance: BLAI resulted in a significant reduction in fluoroquinolone duration in patients with PCN allergies and may represent a safe and effective option for institutions lacking skin-testing capabilities.
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To describe the diagnostic performance characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal screening for patients with pneumonia. ⋯ Consideration for the inclusion of the utility of MRSA nasal screening in MRSA pneumonia should be made for future pneumonia and ASP guidelines. Additional studies are warranted to fully evaluate specific pneumonia classifications, culture types, culture timing, and clinical outcomes associated with the use of this test in patients with pneumonia.