Internal medicine
-
Review Meta Analysis
Impact of Corticosteroids on Mortality in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
The impact of corticosteroids on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) mortality remains controversial following the publication of numerous trials, observational studies and meta-analyses. An updated meta-analysis is warranted, as a few original studies on this topic have been published since the last meta-analysis. ⋯ We were unable to confirm, based on the data of published studies, the favorable impact of corticosteroid therapy on mortality in overall ARDS cases. Published articles exhibit strong publication bias,and previous meta-analyses may be affected by this publication bias. Further research focusing on pathophysiology- or trigger event-specific ARDS is anticipated.
-
Review Meta Analysis
Lifestyle interventions for adults with impaired glucose tolerance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects on glycemic control.
Previous meta-analyses have demonstrated that lifestyle modification can reduce the blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, although the effects of changes in the blood glucose level on impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) remain controversial. This review therefore aimed to determine the efficacy of lifestyle interventions in adults with IGT. ⋯ Lifestyle modification based on physical or dietary interventions or both is associated with improvements in the 2-hour plasma glucose and FPG levels in IGT patients.
-
Review Meta Analysis
Therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus in treating irritable bowel syndrome: a meta-analysis.
As the lack of reliable treatment for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) prompts interest in the development of new therapies, we aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus in treating this disease. ⋯ Compared with the placebo, Lactobacillus treatment was found to be associated with a significantly higher rate of treatment responders in the overall population with IBS, without any side effects. As to limitations of the analysis, additional research is needed.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effects of hydrochlorothiazide on oxidative stress and pulse pressure in hypertensive patients with chronic stroke: the EMINENT study.
Thiazide diuretics are reported to have antioxidant effects and reduce pulse pressure (PP). The aim of this study was to elucidate whether hydrochlorothiazide additionally exerts such effects in stroke patients under treatment with losartan. ⋯ In this study, hydrochlorothiazide treatment did not provide any additional benefits over non-diuretic antihypertensive drugs in terms of antioxidant effects or reducing PP.
-
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Effects of esomeprazole on sleep in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease as assessed on actigraphy.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is strongly associated with sleep disturbances. Although treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) helps to improve GERD symptoms and subjective sleep parameters, the effects of PPI therapy on objective sleep parameters are conflicting. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of esomeprazole treatment on GERD symptoms and sleep parameters assessed using actigraphs and questionnaires. ⋯ Esomeprazole treatment significantly improves various objective sleep parameters in Japanese patients with GERD. Further placebo-controlled randomized trials are needed to obtain detailed results.