Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA paediatric trial comparing midazolam/Syrpalta mixture with premixed midazolam syrup (Roche).
The bitter taste of midazolam is more acceptable to children when the drug is mixed with fruit juice or syrup. We use a thick grape syrup (Syrpalta), and children are sedated in 10-15 min. A premixed cherry-flavoured midazolam solution (Roche), 2 mg.ml (-1), is currently available. It has been our impression that the premixed midazolam has a slower onset of action. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the midazolam mixtures (midazolam 0.5 mg.kg (-1), 2 mg.ml (-1)) on children's anxiety, sedation, separation anxiety, mask acceptance, and recovery time. ⋯ We concluded that the midazolam/Syrpalta mixture has a faster onset of action than the premixed midazolam solution.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialTramadol for pain relief in children undergoing tonsillectomy: a comparison with morphine.
Pain control for paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy remains problematic. Tramadol is reported to be an effective analgesic and to have a side-effect profile similar to morphine, but is currently not licensed for paediatric use in the UK. ⋯ Tramadol has similar analgesic properties, when compared with morphine. The various pharmaceutical presentations and the availability as a noncontrolled substance may make it a useful addition to paediatric anaesthesia if it becomes licensed for paediatric anaesthesia in the UK.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffective reduction of anxiety and pain during venous cannulation in children: a comparison of analgesic efficacy conferred by nitrous oxide, EMLA and combination.
EMLA cream is the current technique of choice to reduce pain during venous cannulation in most paediatric practice. Its use is limited by logistic arrangements and failure to improve cooperation and allay anxiety. Nitrous oxide (N2O) would appear to be an effective alternative. A combination technique may be useful in selected patients. ⋯ EMLA and 50% N2O are equally effective for pain reduction while a combination technique provides superior analgesia and satisfaction. N2O has an advantage over EMLA in reduction of pain related behaviour in older children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCaudal bupivacaine and s(+)-ketamine for postoperative analgesia in children.
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether caudal s-ketamine would prolong analgesia together with caudal bupivacaine. ⋯ Addition of preservative-free s-ketamine 0.5 mg.kg(-1) to caudal bupivacaine 0.125% 1 ml.kg(-1) provides significant prolongation of analgesia without producing negative side-effects.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialKetamine and midazolam is an inappropriate preinduction combination in uncooperative children undergoing brief ambulatory procedures.
We prospectively studied the effects of intramuscular (i.m.) ketamine alone, or combined with midazolam, on mask acceptance and recovery in young children who were uncooperative during induction of anaesthesia. ⋯ It is concluded that ketamine/midazolam combination is not appropriate for preinduction of anaesthesia in paediatric ambulatory patients because of unacceptably prolonged recovery and delayed discharge times.