Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2024
ReviewInnovative change not as yet fully integrated in pediatric anesthesia.
Pediatric hypnosis is an extremely valuable adjuvant therapeutic tool to reduce pain and ameliorate anxiety in children undergoing procedures and pediatric anesthesia. This perspective summarises; why Integrating hypnosis into practice has this potential, some techniques that are particularly useful in this setting, the training oppurtunities to learn more, and recommendations for future pediatric anesthesia hypnotic research. There is definite capacity for change by Integrating hypnosis into our practice. Not only will this ensure more capable, confident children who present for peri-operative care but also reduce costs and the environmental impact of the pharmaceutical agents we currently employ for sedation and anxiolysis.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2024
Observational StudyA retrospective observational cohort study of the anesthetic management and outcomes of pediatric patients with Alexander disease undergoing lumbar puncture or magnetic resonance imaging.
Alexander disease is a rare, progressive leukodystrophy, which predisposes patients to complications under general anesthesia due to clinical manifestations including developmental delay, seizures, dysphagia, vomiting, and sleep apnea. However, study of anesthetic outcomes is limited. ⋯ In this single-center study, patients with Alexander disease did not experience frequent or irreversible complications while undergoing general anesthesia/MAC. Co-morbid symptoms were not increased postanesthesia. Some patients may not require anesthesia to complete short procedures.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2024
Comparative Study Observational StudyDetermination of optimal positive end-expiratory pressure using electrical impedance tomography in infants under general anesthesia: Comparison between supine and prone positions.
This study determined the optimal positive end-expiratory pressure levels in infants in supine and prone positions under general anesthesia using electrical impedance tomography (EIT). ⋯ The prone position required higher positive end-expiratory pressure than the supine position in mechanically ventilated infants under general anesthesia. EIT is a promising tool to find the optimal positive end-expiratory pressure, which needs to be individualized.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2024
ReviewEthical and practical considerations of pediatric refusal in clinical anesthesia: An educational review.
Children commonly refuse induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia providers must then decide whether to honor the child's dissent or to proceed over objection. In some circumstances, a forced induction involves restraining the child, incurring both practical and ethical harms to the patient-provider encounter. ⋯ Important legal and professional standards are summarized, and practice trends are discussed to depict the current state of practice, including novel approaches to honoring pediatric dissent for elective surgeries. This information is then used to invite providers to consider where they ethically situate themselves within a legally and professionally defined space of acceptable practice. Finally, these considerations are synthesized to discuss important nuances regarding pediatric refusal, and some key questions are presented for clinicians to ponder as they consider their practice of choosing whether to honor pediatric dissent at induction.