Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2018
ReviewImaging of Sjögren Syndrome and Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease of the Salivary Glands.
The salivary glands are commonly affected in systemic autoimmune disease and diseases of unknown pathogenesis. Sjögren syndrome (SjS) can be affected by other systemic diseases. Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) commonly affects salivary glands. ⋯ Findings of early-stage SjS are difficult to identify on routine computed tomography or MR imaging. Chronic SjS can be diagnosed from MR imaging and sialographic findings. Multiglandular and localized involvement of IgG4-RD is difficult to differentiate from malignant lymphoma for multiglandular disease and salivary gland carcinoma for localized disease.
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Sialadenitis is among the most common conditions that affect the salivary glands. Inflammation of the salivary glands occurs as the end result of a variety of pathologic conditions, including infectious, autoimmune, and idiopathic causes. ⋯ Because there is significant overlap of underlying disease mechanisms and clinical presentations, radiologic evaluation often plays a significant role in evaluation. This article is a brief review of sialadenitis, including disease mechanisms, causes, and the practical imaging of the salivary glands.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2018
ReviewImaging of Submandibular and Sublingual Salivary Glands.
The submandibular and sublingual salivary glands are major salivary glands with a wide spectrum of pathologic conditions. The corresponding spaces along the floor of mouth have complex anatomy, best evaluated with cross-sectional imaging. ⋯ The most common abnormalities in these spaces are inflammatory and infectious, and computed tomography is currently the most common imaging modality used. The anatomy of these spaces is much better depicted with MR; however, all the modalities have their unique roles.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · May 2018
ReviewCross-Sectional Imaging Techniques and Normal Anatomy of the Salivary Glands.
The salivary glands play an important role in digestion and oral hygiene, and give rise to a variety of benign and malignant pathologies. In suspected pathology, the goal of imaging is to confirm a lesion as being of salivary gland origin, narrow the list of differential considerations, define the extent of disease, and guide further management decisions. This review outlines the function, embryologic development, anatomy, and normal imaging features of the major salivary glands. The article also discusses imaging indications, the general approach to imaging the salivary glands, and the commonly used cross-sectional techniques used for evaluating the salivary gland.