Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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In neuroimaging research, averaging data at the level of the group results in blurring of potentially meaningful individual differences. A more widespread use of an individual-specific approach is advocated for, which involves a more thorough investigation of each individual in a group, and characterization of idiosyncrasies at the level of behavior, cognition, and symptoms, as well as at the level of brain organization. It is hoped that such an approach, focused on individuals, will provide convergent findings that will help identify the underlying pathologic condition in various psychiatric disorders and help in the development of treatments individualized for each patient.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2020
ReviewImplementing MR Imaging into Clinical Routine Screening in Patients with Psychosis?
MR imaging is a suitable instrument for the detection of incidental radiological findings in patients with early psychosis and guidance of subsequent treatment adjustments. We outline evidence showing the clinical utility of MR imaging to guide treatment selection by identifying radiological abnormalities and predicting clinical outcomes in early-stage psychosis. We argue that MR imaging is an indispensable screening tool to detect gross radiological abnormalities in early psychosis and implementation in routine clinical assessments is warranted. We highlight future key challenges and make pragmatic suggestions to exploit the potential of MR imaging to construct robust prognostic models for personalized early interventions.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2020
ReviewPsychoradiological Biomarkers for Psychopharmaceutical Effects.
The application of personalized medicine to psychiatry is challenging. Psychoradiology could provide biomarkers based on objective tests in support of the diagnostic classifications and treatment planning. ⋯ Although none of the biomarkers reviewed are yet of sufficient clinical utility to inform the selection of a specific pharmacologic compound for an individual patient, there is strong consensus that advanced multimodal approaches will contribute to discovery of novel treatment predictors in psychiatric disorders. Progress has been sufficient to warrant enthusiasm, in which application of neuroimaging-based biomarkers would represent a paradigm shift and modernization of psychiatric practice.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2020
ReviewClinical Strategies and Technical Challenges in Psychoradiology.
Psychoradiology is an emerging discipline at the intersection between radiology and psychiatry. It holds promise for playing a role in clinical diagnosis, evaluation of treatment response and prognosis, and illness risk prediction for patients with psychiatric disorders. Addressing complex issues, such as the biological heterogeneity of psychiatric syndromes and unclear neurobiological mechanisms underpinning radiological abnormalities, is a challenge that needs to be resolved. With the advance of multimodal imaging and more efforts in standardization of image acquisition and analysis, psychoradiology is becoming a promising tool for the future of clinical care for patients with psychiatric disorders.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2020
ReviewMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Psychiatry: Progress in the Last Decade.
Psychiatric disorders are common and can be severe. There is a need to identify biomarkers of psychiatric disorders to better diagnose and treat patients with psychiatric symptoms. ⋯ There have been significant advances in the way that psychiatric disorders are understood, classified, and researched as well as improvements in magnetic resonance imaging/MRS technology. MRS as a tool has not yet proved helpful to individual patients with psychiatric symptoms.