Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Several neuropathologic and imaging studies have consistently confirmed that multiple sclerosis affects both white (WM) and gray matter (GM) and that GM damage plays a key role in disability progression. However, differently from WM damage, the less inflammatory cell infiltration, the absence of significant blood-brain barrier damage, the low myelin density in upper cortical layers, as well as technical constraints, make the GM damage almost undetectable by means of conventional MR imaging.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Feb 2017
ReviewImaging of the Sella and Parasellar Region in the Pediatric Population.
Masses in the sella and parasellar region comprise about 10% of all pediatric brain tumors but type and frequency differs from those in adults. Imaging is critical for diagnosis and characterization of these lesions. ⋯ The clinical presentation is often characteristic for lesion type and should be considered. This article summarizes the characteristic imaging features of the most frequent pediatric tumors and tumor-mimicking lesions in children in this region.
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Pediatric brain tumors are the leading cause of death from solid tumors in childhood. The most common posterior fossa tumors in children are medulloblastoma, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma, ependymoma, and brainstem glioma. ⋯ Moreover, information obtained from advanced MR imaging techniques increase diagnostic confidence and help distinguish between different histologic tumor types. Here we discuss the most common posterior fossa tumors in children, including typical imaging findings on CT, cMR imaging, and advanced MR imaging studies.